清代至民国时期民间巫舞初探——以方志记载为中心

A Probe into the Folk Witch Dance from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China:Centered on Local Chronicles

关于清代至民国时期的民间巫舞,在现存地方志中有不少记载。民间巫舞多用于祛病禳灾、悦神祈福,地区分布以我国西南地区与东北地区较多。表演时,表演者多戴彩帽、面具,腰系铃铛,手拿皮鼓,分工配合演出。其中,巫觋配合、觋扮巫像是普遍存在,清代西南巫舞"跳端公"尤为典型。中央政府和地方政府对民间巫舞多采取禁绝管理。以地方志为中心,梳理清代至民国时期民间巫舞之存留,研究民间巫舞的地区分布、社会功用、表演特点、管理政策等内容,可补充目前学界研究之不足。

There are many records about the folk witch dance in local chronicles from the Qing Dynasty to theRepublicof China.Folk witch dance are mostly used for disease relief,sacrifice and blessing,and are mostly distributed in thesouthwest and northeast regions of China.During the performance,the wizard often wears colorful hats and masks,bells around their waists,hand drums,and division of labor to cooperate with the performance.Witchcraft cooperation and Male wizard disguised as female Wizard is a common phenomenon,especially the witch dance in the southwest“DuanGong Dance”of the Qing Dynasty.The central and local governments mostly prohibit the folk witch dance.Fo-cusing on the records of local chronicles,carding the situation of folk witch dance from the Qing Dynasty to theRepub-lic of China,and studying the regional distribution,social effects,performance characteristics,and management policiesof folk witch dances can supplement the current academic research.