基于数据挖掘筛选新型冠状病毒肺炎预防方及组方思路探讨

Data Mining of Preventive Herbal Prescriptions for COVID-19 and Exploration of Their Medication Thoughts

检索近期各省卫生健康委员会、中医药管理局、知名医院和钟南山团队等机构发布的防治新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的中医预防方,对预防方中的组成药物进行频度分析、四气五味分析、归经分析及聚类分析。结果共得到中医预防方18首方剂,涉及药物51味,以黄芪、白术和防风(此3味药为玉屏风散的组成药物)等中药使用频次最高;中药多选用偏温性且归肺经的补气和养阴中药。结果提示所纳入的COVID-19预防方具有兼顾阴阳双补、注重寒热并用、重视脏腑传变的特点,体现了中医"正气存内,邪不可干"的思想,用药符合《温热论》中"温邪上受,首先犯肺"的传变规律,体现了中医学防治瘟疫的特点。

The preventive herbal prescriptions for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)issued by the authoritative institutions and organizations such as provincial health committees,National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,well-known hospitals,and Doctor ZHONG Nan-Shan research team at present time were reviewed.The herbs of the preventive prescriptions for COVID-19 were studied by frequency analysis,four properties and five flavors analysis,meridian tropism analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that a total of 18 prescriptions for the prevention of COVID-19 were obtained,and the prescriptions involved 51 herbs.The herbs of Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Radix Saposhnikoviae,which are the compositions of Yupingfeng Powder,had the highest medication frequency.The preventive prescriptions for COVID-19 are usually composed of warm herbs with lung tropism to benefit qi and nourish yin.The results indicated that the preventive prescriptions for COVID-19 stressed on regulating yin and yang simultaneously,adopting cold and heat herbs simultaneously,and avoiding the transmission and change between zang and fu organs.The composition of the preventive prescriptions for COVID-19 reflects the thoughts of"pathogenic factors being impossible to invade the body if healthy qi being sufficient inside".And the medication accords with the transmission and change regularity of"warm pathogenic factors tending to attack the upper and invade the lung firstly"recorded in the book of Treatise on Epidemic Febrile Diseases,which shows the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating plague.