新冠肺炎疫情期间群众居家隔离防护依从性及其对焦虑程度的影响

Compliance of home quarantine protection and its effect on anxiety degree during the epidemic outbreak period of COVID-19

目的调查新型冠状肺炎疫情暴发期间群众居家隔离防护依从性及其对焦虑程度的影响。方法采用横断面研究方法,通过问卷星发送问卷到微信及朋友圈,以滚雪球的方式进行匿名线上调查,调查时间为2020年2月4—6日。采用自行编制的一般资料调查表、居家隔离防护知-信-行问卷,以及SAS焦虑自评量表调查群众居家隔离防护依从性及焦虑程度。结果共调查454名人员。被调查人员SAS焦虑程度平均得分为(38.74±8.46)分,高于中国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。知-信-行调查得分分别为:知识知晓程度(24.70±3.96)分,信念态度(12.75±1.10)分,行为依从性(65.54±5.02)分;行为依从率为93.63%。不同新冠肺炎疫情相关人群、家中居住人口数量、是否接触感染者或疑似患者人群的SAS焦虑得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、新冠肺炎疫情相关人群的行为依从性得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。SAS焦虑程度与信念态度、行为依从性呈负相关(P<0.01);知识知晓程度与信念态度呈正相关(P<0.01);信念态度与行为依从性呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论群众居家隔离防护期焦虑情绪较明显,并与群众居家隔离防护知识知晓程度、信念态度、行为依从性有着紧密的相互影响的关系。

Objective To investigate compliance to home quarantine protection and its effect on anxiety degree of the public during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic outbreak period.Methods Using cross-sectional research method,questionnaire was sent to WeChat and friends circle through questionnaire star,and online investigation was conducted anonymously,investigation time was from February 4 to 6,2020.The self-designed questionnaire of general information,questionnaire of knowledge,attitude,and practices(KAP)of home quarantine protection,and the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)was used to investigate the compliance and anxiety degree of home quarantine protection.Results A total of 454 persons were investigated.SAS of the respondents was(38.74±8.46),which was higher than that of the Chinese norm(P<0.05).The scores of KAP were:awareness of knowledge(24.70±3.96),belief attitude(12.75±1.10),practice compliance(65.54±5.02);compliance rate of practice was 93.63%.SAS of different COVID-19 epidemic relevant population,the number of person staying at home,whether contacted with infected or suspected patients were all statistically different(all P<0.05).Compliance scores of persons of different age,marital status,educational degree,occupation,and persons relevant to COVID-19 epidemic were all statistically different(all P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between SAS and belief attitude and practice compliance(P<0.01);there was a positive correlation between awareness of knowledge and belief attitude(P<0.01);there was a positive correlation between belief attitude and practice compliance(P<0.01).Conclusion The anxiety of public during home quarantine protection period is obvious,and has a close relationship with the knowledge,belief attitude and practice compliance of the public during home quarantine protection period.