丙型病毒性肝炎流行特征及感染预防

Epidemiological Characteristics and Infection Factors of Hepatitis C Virus

丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)是世界范围内慢性肝病的主要病因之一,约3%的世界人口存在丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染,我国近年来丙肝发病总体呈上升趋势。目前关于丙肝的发病机制尚不明确,且无疫苗预防。因此针对重点人群筛查、及早诊治、加强血液制品的管控和开展重点人群宣教成为控制丙肝的有效措施。基于此,本文就丙肝的基因型、流行特征、感染因素及预防方法进行综述,旨在为临床防治丙肝提供参考。

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease worldwide.About 3%of the world's population has hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection.In recent years,the incidence of hepatitis C in China has generally increased.At present,the pathogenesis of hepatitis C is not clear,and there is no vaccine prevention.Therefore,screening for key populations,early diagnosis and treatment,strengthening the control of blood products,and conducting education for key populations have become effective measures to control hepatitis C.Based on this,this article reviews the genotype,epidemiological characteristics,infection factors and prevention methods of hepatitis C in order to provide a reference for clinical prevention and treatment of hepatitis C.