含短小芽孢杆菌的种衣剂对棉花枯萎病防治效果的研究

Study on the Control Effect of Seed Coating Agent Containing Bacillus pumilus on Cotton Fusarium Wilt

用自鉴定分离的短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)KX-33株为有效成分配制种衣剂,对8种感枯萎病棉花种子和2种抗枯萎病棉花种子包衣。将含不同浓度KX-33菌液种衣剂包衣的棉花种子、含8%宁南霉素及含50%多菌灵种衣剂包衣的棉花种子在室内分别盆栽种植,分析各种衣剂组合对棉花发芽率的影响;将含不同浓度KX-33种衣剂包衣的棉花种子分别在大田种植,比较接种棉花枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum)后不同时期病情指数和防治效果。结果表明,盆栽试验中含不同浓度KX-33菌液的种衣剂与对照比棉种发芽率差异不显著(P>0.05),含8%宁南霉素和50%多菌灵的种衣剂与对照比发芽率差异显著(P<0.05);大田试验中棉花接枯萎病菌第10天时,短小芽孢杆菌菌液浓度为1×10^8 CFU/mL种衣剂包衣的8种感病及2种抗病棉花品种(系)的防治效果普遍较好,分别为41.67%~72.22%和50.00%~55.56%。使用短小芽孢杆菌菌液浓度为1×10^8 CFU/mL的种衣剂,对棉花枯萎病防治具有较好的应用价值。

In this project cotton fusarium wilt was prevented by making biocontrol bacteria seed coat,and self-identified and isolated Bacillus pumilus KX-33 was used as the effective ingredient to prepare seed coating agent for eight cotton seeds which were susceptible to fusarium wilt and two disease-resistant cotton seeds.Seed coating agents containing different concentrations of KX-33 bacterial solution cotton seeds coating agent with 8%ningenamycin and 50%carbendazim were planted in indoor potted plants,and seed coasting agents that had no effect on the germination rate of cotton were screened out.Cotton seeds coated with seed coating agent containing different concentrations of KX-33 were planted in the field to compare the disease index and control effect in different periods.The results showed that there was no significant difference between different concentrations of KX-33 seed coating agent and control cotton seed germination rate in pot experiment(P>0.05),but a significant difference was observed between the germination rates of the seed coating agents containing 8%ningenamycin and 50%carbendazim compared with that of CK(P<0.05).In the field experiment,cotton was inoculated with fusarium wilt pathogen for 10 d,and the control effect of eight susceptible and two disease-resistant cotton varieties and strains coated with seed coating agent with the concentration of 1×10^8 CFU/mL was generally better,ranging from 41.67%to 72.22%and from 50.00%to 55.56%.To sum up,the seed coating agent with a concentration of 1×10^8 CFU/mL has a good control effect on cotton fusarium wilt and a good application value.