平生江海客:吴文英梦窗词的隐逸思想解析

A Lifelong Guest of Rivers and Sea:Analysis of Seclusion Thought of Wu Wenying’s Mengchuang Words

以文本分析法,在对《梦窗词集》仔细研读的基础上,集中解析其中22首有代表性的隐逸词。其隐逸词或叙写闲适自乐的隐逸之趣;或表达对黑暗社会现实的批判与否定;或疏离仕途,劝隐友人;或以隐逸自况,折射身世坎坷的失意;或是在理想与现实的反差中展示隐居与进取的矛盾冲突心理。吴文英隐逸词代表了下层庶族寒士的另一种隐逸方式,高张了庶族寒士的现实政治情感,艺术化为现实家国情怀的政治图式,开创了梦窗式的隐逸模式,丰富和发展了隐逸文化的时代内涵。个人身世及时代大环境造就了其人其词入世与归隐并存的独特精神特质。其隐逸词具有丰富的政治、文化、历史、文学艺术内涵,是中华民族宝贵的精神遗产,具有特殊的研究价值。

Based on the text analysis method,on the basis of careful study of“Mengchuang Words”,focus on 22 representative reclusive words.The recluse word of the Mengchuang or the reclusiveness of leisurely self-interest;or the criticism and negation of the dark social reality;or the alienation of the official career,to persuade the friend;or to reflect the frustration of the world through seclusion;or the contradiction between seclusion and progress is shown in the contrast between ideal and reality.Wu Wenying’s recluse represents another kind of seclusion of the lower Yi people.He has a high political ideology of the Yi people and a political pattern of realizing the feelings of the home country.It has created a dream window-style reclusive model.And developed the connotation of the era of seclusion culture.His personal life and the environment of the times have created the unique spiritual qualities of his people’s entry into the WTO and retreat.Its reclusive words have rich political,cultural,historical,literary and artistic connotations,and are valuable spiritual heritages of the nation and have special research value.