药用紫草醌类化合物及其药理活性研究进展

Reviews on natural quinones and their bioactivities of medicinal Zicao

紫草是我国传统中药,收载于《中国药典》,有凉血,活血,解毒透疹之功效。紫草的化学成分分为脂溶性和水溶性两大部分,其中脂溶性的醌类化合物为其主要活性成分,包括紫草素类及其二聚体、紫草呋喃类、苯醌类及苯酚类等混源萜类化合物。研究表明药用紫草醌类化合物具有广泛的药理活性,如抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎等活性,近年来,尤其在抗肿瘤药物的研究和开发中,该类化合物已经受到国内外学者的极大关注。为了更好的研究和开发这类天然产物,该文综述了近年来药用紫草的醌类化合物和药理活性进展并讨论了这些化合物的研究前景,为药用紫草的深入研究和开发利用提供依据。

Medicinal Zicao is a traditional Chinese medicine that is recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.It is mainly used in clinical practice such as cooling blood,invigorating the circulation of blood,detoxification and clearing rash.The chemical components of medicinal Zicao mainly consist of liposoluble and water-soluble parts.Among them,liposoluble quinones are the main active components,including shikonins and its dimers,shikonofurans,benzoquinones,phenols and other meroterpenoids.It has been shown that these chemical components exhibit significant activities in cytotoxic,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and antiviral effect,etc.In recent years,they have attracted wide attention,especially on the anti-tumor activity throughout the world.For further investigation of Zicao,the progress in the anti-tumor,antibacterial,antiviral,anti-inflammatory and other activities of shikonins,shikonin dimers,shikonofurans,benzoquinones,phenols and other meroterpenoids from medicinal Zicao in recent years have been reviewed and discussed.This article aims to assist discovery and identification of more natural quinones from Boraginaceae plants and provide reference for the development and utilization of medicinal Zicao.