预期性姿势调节的神经调控网络研究进展

Advance in Neural Regulation Networks of Anticipatory Postural Adjustments(review)

预期性姿势调节(APAs)的产生和执行依赖于复杂的分布式神经网络系统,涉及大脑皮质(包括前运动皮质、初级运动区)、丘脑、基底节和小脑等多个结构,包括分层模式和平行模式两种神经环路模式。基底节与前运动皮质参与APAs相关的运动计划编码;辅助运动区与脑干的脚桥核共同调节APAs时序;初级运动区在APAs启动过程中投射皮质运动纤维至目标运动支配区;脑桥延髓网状结构进行纤维整合,并通过网状神经元投射到脊髓调节目标肌群;小脑与肌肉群的协调耦合相关。

The generation and execution of anticipatory postural adjustments(APAs)depend on the complex distributed neural networks,involving cerebral cortex(including premotor cortex and primary motor area),thalamus,basal ganglia,cerebellum,and divided into stratified mode and parallel mode.The basal ganglia and premotor cortex contribute to code the motor planning of APAs.Supplementary motor area and pedunculopontine nucleus in the brainstem co-regulate the timing of APAs.Primary motor area projects cortical motor fibers to target area during the initiation of APAs.The pontomedullary reticular formation integrates and projects fibers to the spinal cord.The cerebellum is mainly related to the coordinated coupling of muscles during APAs.