巴基斯坦卡洛特水电站施工期水文工作实践与研究探讨

Practice and discussion of hydrological work in construction period of Karot Hydropower Station in Pakistan

卡洛特水电站施工期水文工作包括水文监测站网规划、设计和建设,水文泥沙观测,水文气象保障服务。电站坝址以上流域年内有双雨季,径流及洪水组成复杂;山区性河流产汇流快,预见期短,施工期河道水文条件多变;可供利用的历史资料有限,近一半区域无资料可用;且地理位置特殊,施工安全风险巨大。水文工作实践中,针对综合复杂的现实条件,灵活选择技术方案,妥善运用管理手段,有效应对了资料收集、方案编制、作业实施中的特殊困难,满足了施工期技术服务及设计复核对水文工作的要求。该电站的水文工作经验,可供该流域其他梯级电站及条件相似地区的工程水文工作参考。

During the construction period of Karot Hydropower Station,hydrological work includes the planning,design and construction of hydrological monitoring network,hydrological and sediment observation,and hydro-meteorological support services.There are two rainy seasons in the upstream basin of the hydropower station throughout the year,the composition of runoff and flood is complex;runoff of mountain rivers yields and confluences fast and the forecast lead time is short,the river course changes frequently during the construction period;the available historical data is limited with nearly half of the area ungauged;the station has unique geological location,so the construction bears tremendous safety risks.In the practice of special hydrological work,in view of the complex practical conditions,flexible technical schemes were selected and management means were properly and effectively adopted,which coped with the special difficulties in data collection,scheme programming and operation implementation,and met the requirements of technical services and design re-check in the construction period for hydrological work.The hydrological work experience of the power station can be used as a reference for engineering hydrological work with similar conditions of other cascade hydropower stations in the basin.