新中国70年职业教育产教融合政策变迁逻辑——历史制度主义的视角

Logic of Policy Change of Industry-education Integration in Vocational Education during 70 Years Since the Founding New China——Based on Perspective of Historical Institutionalism

产教融合政策是职业教育理论和实践研究领域的重要课题。立足历史制度主义视角,新中国成立70年来,职业教育产教融合政策变迁历经初步探索、恢复重建、巩固发展、多样化创新和不断深化五个阶段。经济体制改革、政治体制改革、社会文化心理等深层结构影响着政策变迁。昂贵的构建成本、学习效应、协调效应、适应性预期等因素,促进职业教育系列政策互相交错,产生路径依赖和自我强化效应。在推动产业转型升级、满足个人发展需求中,政府、学校和企业的理性选择,构成了政策变迁的主要动力,推进职业教育产教融合不断深化。

The policy of integration of industry and education is an important theoretic and practical research topic for vocational education.Based on the perspective of historical institutionalism,the policies of integration of industry and education in vocational education has passed five stages focusing on preliminary exploration,restoration and reconstruction,consolidation of development,diversified innovation and continuous deepening during the 70 years since founding of New China.The change of vocational education policies of integration of industry and education are affected by such structural factors as the economical system reform,the political system reform and sociocultural psychology.The series of vocational education policies interlace with each other and the development of integration of industry and education in vocational education is featured by dependence on path ways due to the high construction cost,learning effect,coordination effect,adaptive expectation and other factors.In promoting the transformation of industries and caring to the needs of individuals,the rational choice of the government,schools and enterprises constitutes the main driving force of policy change,and deepens the continuous development of the integration of industry and education in vocational education.