论瓦雷拉神经现象学的逻辑困境

The logical dilemma of Varela’s neurophenomenology

神经现象学是瓦雷拉为了应对意识的“困难问题”所提出的一种研究设想,意在整合脑神经科学和现象学的研究资料。在主题上,神经现象学表现出对现象学的依赖,在方法上,其极力推崇自然科学的研究手段。事实上,神经现象学出现的根本动因在于,一方面源自受近代以来平行论所驱动的整合心灵与脑的倾向,另一方面也源于对自然科学研究方法的盲目自负。方法论上的自负情结已经成为心理学甚至认知科学研究的重要障碍,只有重新恢复哲学的或现象学的方法论地位,重新增补心理学的哲学厚度,才能使心理的和意识的研究得到深入推进。

Neurophenomenology is a research assumption which be proposed by Varela in response to the“hard problem”of consciousness.It is intended to integrate research data both from neuroscience and phenomenology.On the theme,neurophenomenology shows its dependence on phenomenology,while on the method,it esteem the research methods of natural science highly.In fact,the primary motivation for the emergence of neurophenomenology stems from the tendency to integrate the mind and brain driven by modern parallelism on the one hand,and on the other,from the blind conceit of natural scientific research methods.The conceit complex in methodology has become an important obstacle in psychology and even in cognitive science research.Only by restoring the philosophical or phenomenological status of methodology and reinforcing the philosophical thickness of psychology can the study of mind and consciousness be further promoted.