羞耻条件下权力感对个体道德伪善的影响

The effect of power on moral hypocrisy in shame

道德判断的双加工理论认为,道德伪善受到认知和情绪的共同作用而产生。权力感可通过解释水平理论促进道德伪善,羞耻作为道德情绪,也可能对道德伪善造成影响。为探讨权力感和羞耻感对道德伪善的影响,本研究采用角色扮演法来启动高低权力感,通过简单任务失败范式启动个体的羞耻感,启动完成后,通过填写金额分配方案考察个体的道德伪善。结果发现高权力感个体相比低权力感个体更关注自身的利益,避免利益损失,但并未发现道德伪善行为;此外,羞耻感有助于减少个体自利行为。本研究表明羞耻感作为一种道德情绪有利于促使个体做出更多利他行为,以维护道德自我。

According to dual-process theory,moral hypocrisy is influenced by cognitive processing and emotion processing.However,few studies have investigated both of the cognitive and emotional factors.Therefore,power(as a factor of cognition process)and shame(as a factor of emotion)are combined to see if shame had effect on decreasing the moral hypocrisy.The subjects were randomly assigned to conditions in which they were primed with either high or low power using the role-play method,and either shame-primed or no shame-primed group using the easy-task failure paradigm.The results showed that compared with low-power participants,high-power participants focused more on their own reward,but did not show moral hypocrisy.And the low-power participants had a tendency of being moral hypercrisy.More importantly,shame could effectively decrease self-interest behavior.Therefore,shame is one of the moral emotions,which motivate an individual to act more prosocially.