平衡装载约束下的车辆路径问题研究

Research on vehicle routing problem under balance loading constrain

针对车辆三维装载约束下的车辆路径问题(3L-VRP)进行研究,引进车辆的平衡装载约束,综合考虑传统的先进后出、局部支撑、脆弱性等约束,构建平衡装载约束下的车辆路径问题(BL-VRP)模型。针对模型中的平衡约束,提出一种接触面积的装载算法。在此基础上,构建以回溯遗传算法(B-GA)为骨架的多阶段算法框架,对车辆路径优化进行求解。研究结果表明,多阶段算法不仅在解决3L-VRP上好于目前已有算法,同时对BL-VRP表现优秀。提出的多阶段算法为解决BL-VRP问题提供一条参考思路,但在时效性上需要进一步完善。

This paper took vehicle routing problem( 3 L-VRP) with three-dimensional loading constraints as the research object,introducing equilibrium loading constraint of the vehicle,considering the traditional advanced backwards,local support,and fragility constraints,constructing the vehicle routing problem( BL-VRP) model with balanced loading constraints. Considering the equilibrium constraints in the model,it proposed a loading algorithm of contact area. On this basis,the method used a multi-stage algorithm framework based on backtracking genetic algorithms( B-GA) to solve vehicle routing optimization. The research results show that the multi-stage algorithm is not only better than the existing algorithms in solving 3 L-VRP,but also effective for BL-VRP. Although multi-stage algorithm providing a reference idea for solving the BL-VRP problem,it needs further improvement in timeliness.