论中国现代美学的起点问题

On the Starting Point of Chinese Modern Aesthetics

历来关于中国现代美学起点的说法,或依据人物,或依据事件,歧义颇多。而以历史时期为依据,按照学科性与思想性相结合的标准,可将中国现代美学的起点确定在辛亥革命时期的后半段。中国现代美学所具有的引进和移植的特点使其学科的诞生具有当下性,不同于中国通史和中国文学史的范式。辛亥革命时期后半段,无论是从学术成果、学科术语、学科范畴,还是从人物、思想以及学科与思想、思想与现实之间的关系来看,中国现代美学建立的标志已凸显,特点已彰明。同时,分别以王国维、蔡元培和鲁迅为代表的人生美学、美育美学和启蒙美学,在思想性和学科性以及两者的结合上,形成了中国现代美学三种颇具代表性的模式,影响至今。

There have always been many disputes over the starting point of modern Chinese aesthetics based either on characters or events.Based on the historical period and the criterion of combining discipline and thought,the starting point of Chinese modern aesthetics can be determined in the later period of the 1911 Revolution.The characteristics of the introduction and transplantation of modern Chinese aesthetics endow the discipline with“presentness”,which is different from the paradigm of Chinese general history and Chinese literary history.In the later period of the Revolution of 1911,whether from the perspective of academic achievements,disciplinary terminology,and disciplinary categories,or from characters,thoughts,and the relationship between disciplines and thoughts,thoughts and reality,the signs and characteristics established by Chinese modern aesthetics have become prominent.Meanwhile,the life aesthetics,education aesthetics,and enlightenment aesthetics respectively represented by Wang Guowei,Cai Yuanpei,and Lu Xun,have formed three representative models of modern Chinese aesthetics that have been influential so far in terms of ideology,discipline,and combination of the two.