集体赋权视角下的情境叙事研究——基于D协会服务失独群体的案例分析

A Study of Situational Narrative from the Perspective of Group Empowerment:Based on the Case Analysis Of D Association’s Service for the Group of Parents Who Lost Their only Child

失独者常陷入焦虑、抑郁、自我封闭等不良情绪的困扰,以及怨恨、自责、无奈等心理痛苦的泥淖。然而,过往的专业服务因缺乏对情境结构的构建,导致难以深入,且效果不明显。D协会通过改变媒介设计,将失独者置于“受助—互助—助人”情境之中,改变了这一状况。研究发现,服务者组织失独者参与户外活动、互相帮扶、承担协会职责、开展助人活动等实践,拓展和延伸其社会交往圈、行动空间,获得自我价值感;通过组织失独者与政府进行有效沟通,化解误会,使其实现内在的自我赋权和外在的社会赋权。但由于这种赋权是高自发性、低专业化状态下实现的,仅靠组织者魅力型人格的动员和以消除失独者的心理困境为导向的服务,并不能完全化解其所面临养老的根本问题。为此,仍需要政府的利好政策切实落地,尤其是针对失独群体的养老服务,有更具操作化的方案。

People who have lost their only child often fall into the trouble of bad emotions such as anxiety,depression and selfsealing,and fall into the mire of psychological pain such as resentment,self-reproach and helplessness.However,Due to the lack of situational structure construction,professional services in the past are difficult to be in-depth,and the effect is not obvious.Association D changed this situation by changing the design of the media and placing the lost children in the“receive help-mutual help-help others”situation.The study found that the service providers organized the lost children to participate in outdoor activities,help each other,assume the responsibilities of the association,and carry out helping activities,so as to expand and extend their social relations and action space,gain a sense of self-worth.Through the organization of the lost children and the government for effective communication,to resolve the misunderstanding,so that they can achieve their internal self-empowerment and external social empowerment.However,as this kind of empowerment is realized under the condition of high spontaneity and low specialization,it cannot completely solve the fundamental problem of pension faced by those who have lost their only child by only relying on the mobilization of charismatic personality of the organizer and service oriented to the elimination of the psychological alne.For this reason,it is still necessary for the government to implement favorable policies,especially the social policies for the elderly care service for the people who have lost their only child.