深圳市龙华地区人乳头瘤病毒感染率及亚型分析

Prevalence and Genotyping of Human Papilloma Virus Infection in Females from Shenzhen Longhua District

目的了解深圳市龙华区某医院及其所覆盖的社康中心就诊女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染率、年龄及基因亚型分布的最新数据,以期为建立和完善当地女性HPV监测、HPV疫苗开发和宫颈癌防治系统提供科学依据。方法选取最近1年内在我院总部及其所覆盖的29个社康中心接受宫颈HPV检查的12658例女性为研究对象,按照年龄分为10组(每5岁为一组),采用PCR-膜杂交法检测28种HPV基因亚型。结果12658例检测样本中,HPV阳性2202例,总感染率17.40%。HPV亚型感染率排名前五位的分别是:HPV52、HPV16、HPV58、HPV51和HPV53。低危型、疑高危型、高危型感染率分别为6.56%(830/12658)、1.88%(238/12658)和15.67%(1984/12658)。16~20岁年龄组女性HPV感染率(48.44%)及HPV高危型感染率(58.59%)均最高,46~50岁年龄组女性HPV感染率(12.26%)及HPV高危型感染率(9.75%)均最低。多重感染方面,以单一基因感染为主,感染率为12.68%(1605/12658),两种基因型感染率为3.38%(428/12658),三种及以上基因型感染率为1.34%(169/12658),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论该地区就诊女性HPV感染以高危型为主,年轻组(16~25岁)和中老年组(≥56岁)为高发人群,临床应采用针对性措施,推广HPV多价疫苗的应用,同时加强对年轻女性和中老年女性的卫生宣传、保健教育等工作以及对病毒感染的监测力度。

Objective To investigate the infection rate,age and gene subtype distribution of human papilloma virus(HPV)in Longhua district of Shenzhen;thus to provide scientific reference basis for the establishment and improvement of HPV surveillance,and cervical cancer prevention and treatment system,and HPV vaccine development for local women.Methods The HPV genotyping results of 12658 females who visited in the People’s Hospital of Longhua and its affiliated health centers in Shenzhen between September 2018 and September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.These cases were divided into ten groups by age(one for every five years).A total of 28 HPV genotypes in cells were detected by PCR membrane hybridization.Results Among the 12658 specimens,2202 were positive for HPV-DNA,with the infection rate of 17.40%.All 28 subtypes were detected,among which HPV52,HPV16,HPV58,HPV51 and HPV53 were the top five.The positive rate of lowrisk type,suspected high-risk type and high-risk type were 6.56%(830/12658),1.88%(238/12658)and 15.67%(1984/12658),respectively.The group of women aged 16~20 years had the highest infection rates of HPV(48.44%)and high-risk types of HPV(58.59%),while the group of women aged 46~50 years had the lowest infection rates of HPV(12.26%)and high-risk types of HPV(9.75%).The infection rate of single subtype was 12.68%(1605/12658),and that of two subtypes was 3.38%(428/12658),and that of over two subtypes was 1.34%(169/12658).The differences were statistically significant between groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The HPV infection in the female population in this area was mainly high-risk type.The HPV infection rates were relatively high for the groups aged 16~25 and≥56 years.It should take specific measures in clinic to control the HPV infection,including promoting the application of HPV multivalent vaccine,strengthening the health publicity and health education for young and middle-aged women,and enhancing the monitor of virus infection.