基于InDel分子标记的云南地方稻籼粳属性与表型性状相关分析

Correlation analysis of indica-japonica attribute and phenotypic characterisctics of Yunnan rice landraces based on InDel markers

【目的】明确云南地方稻资源的籼粳属性及籼粳基因频率与表型性状间的相关性,为有效利用云南地方稻资源改良水稻品种提供理论依据。【方法】利用39对InDel籼粳特异性标记对来自云南12个地州69个县区的406份云南地方稻资源进行籼粳属性分析,通过计算云南地方稻资源在39个InDel位点上的籼粳基因频率,确定其籼粳类型;并对倒伏性、芒长、颖尖色、谷粒形状、株高、穗颈长、穗长、有效穗数、剑叶长、剑叶宽、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、千粒重、结实率、谷粒长和谷粒宽等18个表型性状进行调查,分析籼粳基因频率与表型性状的相关性。【结果】406份云南地方稻资源中有303份籼型稻(典型籼稻、籼稻和偏籼),占74.63%,其中典型籼稻77份、籼稻214份、偏籼12份;中间型资源11份,占2.71%;粳型稻(典型粳稻、粳稻和偏粳)有92份,占22.66%,其中典型粳稻36份、粳稻54份、偏粳2份。籼粳基因频率与表型性状的相关分析结果表明,粳型基因频率与穗颈长、谷粒宽、芒长、穎尖色、穗长、剑叶长、每穗总粒数、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、谷粒长和谷粒形状等11个表型性状呈极显著相关(P<0.01,下同),其中与谷粒宽(r=0.374)的正相关性最高,与谷粒形状(r=-0.429)的负相关性最高。【结论】云南地方稻资源存在明显的籼粳分化,InDel分子指数法所划分的7种籼粳类型在406份资源中均有出现,且其籼粳属性的分化与多个表型性状存在极显著相关性,尤其与谷粒宽(极显著正相关)和谷粒形状(极显著负相关)的相关性最高。因此,利用云南地方稻资源进行籼、粳稻定向改良及选育时应综合考虑谷粒宽和谷粒形状2个表型性状。

【Objective】To clarify the indica-japonica attribute of Yunnan rice landraces and the correlation between the gene frequencies of indica-japonica with phenotypic traits.It provided a theoretical basis for the effective utilization of Yunnan rice landraces to improve rice varieties.【Method】Based on 39 pairs of indica-japonica specific markers,the indica-japonica attribute of 406 Yunnan rice landraces from 69 counties in 12 prefectures of Yunnan were analyzed.By calculating the frequencies of indica-japonica genes in 39 InDel loci of Yunnan rice landraces,the indica-japonica types of 406 Yunnan rice landraces were determined.The lodging degree,awn length,glume colour,grain shape,plant height,panicle neck length,panicle length,panicles per plant,flag leaf length,flag leaf width,grain number per panicle,filled grain number per panicle,number of first panicle branch,number of secondary panicle branch,thousand seeds weight,seed setting rate,grain length and grain width of 406 Yunnan rice landraces were investigated.The correlation between indica-japonica gene frequencies and phenotypic traits in 406 Yunnan rice landraces were analyzed.【Result】Among 406 rice landraces in Yunnan,303 were indica type rice(typical indica,indica and indicaclinous),accounting for 74.63%,of which 77 were typical indica rice,214 were indica rice and 12 were indicaclinous rice;11 were Intermediate type,accounting for 2.71%.92 were japonica type rice(typical japonica,japonica and japonicaclinous),accounting for 22.66%,of which 36 were typical japonica rice,54 were japonica rice,2 were japonicaclinous rice.The correlation analysis between the gene frequencies of indica-japonica and phenotypic traits showed that the gene frequencies of japonica had extremely significant correlation with panicle neck length,grain width,awn length,glume colour,panicle length,flag leaf length,grain number per panicle,number of first panicle branch,number of secondary panicle branch,grain length and grain shape(P<0.01,the same below).The positive correlation between the gene frequencies of japonica and grain width(r=0.374)was the largest,and so was the negative correlation between the gene frequencies of japonica and grain shape(r=-0.429).【Conclusion】The differentiation of indica-japonica in Yunnan rice landraces is obvious.All of the 7 indicajaponica types classified by InDel molecular index appear in 406 Yunnan rice landraces.The differentiation of indicajaponica attributes of rice landraces in Yunnan has extremely significant correlation with multiple phenotypic traits,especially the highest correlation with the grain width(extremely significant positive correlation)and the grain shape(extremely significant negative correlation).Therefore,when using Yunnan rice landraces for indica-japonica directed improvement and bree-ding,grain width and grain traits should be comprehensively considered.