河南省小农户农地经营权转出影响因素实证分析

Analysis on influential factors of farmer land management right transfer in Henan

【目的】明确河南省小农户农地经营权转出意愿及其影响因素,为促进农地经营权流转提供参考。【方法】基于河南省粮食主产区小农户农地经营权转出意愿调查问卷获取相关数据,利用Logistic模型分析影响小农户农地经营权转出的主要因素。【结果】小农户经营规模小,户均耕种面积0.37 ha;种植结构单一,主要为小麦、玉米等省时省力作物;兼业化较重,非农收入占家庭总收入的65.5%。小农户农地经营权转出意愿较强,68.9%的农户愿意转出农地经营权,农地流转潜力较大。小农户农地经营权转出影响显著的因素主要为非农收入、耕种面积和农机数量,其中,非农收入和耕种面积对小农户农地经营权转出具有显著正向影响,分别达5%和1%的显著水平;农机数量具有显著负向影响,达10%的显著水平;非农收入影响较大,估计系数为1.105,发生比率为3.020。【建议】为促进河南省农地经营权流转,建议创造更多非农就业机会,提高农户非农收入水平;调整农机补贴政策,实行与农地经营规模挂钩的农机补贴政策;弱化农地社会保障功能,建立土地退出激励机制。

【Objective】The willingness of land management right transfer of farmers in Henan and the influencing factors were studied to provide reference for promoting land management right transfer.【Method】Based on the survey data of willingness of land management right transfer of farmers in main grain producing areas in Henan,the Logistic model was used to analyze the influential factors that affected farmers’willingness of land management right transfer.【Result】The operation of farmer households was small with average cultivated area of 0.37 ha per household.The cropping structure was simple,mainly cultivated wheat and maize and other crops that were time-saving and labor-saving.Most farmers engaged in two or more works,and non-farm income accounted for 65.5%of total household income.For the farmer households,the willingness of land management right transfer was very strong,68.9%of farmers were willing to transfer their farmland management rights,the farmland transfer potential was great.The main factors that affected farmers’willingness of land management right transfer were cultivated area,number of agricultural machinery and non-farm income.Nonfarm income and cultivated area had a significant positive impact on the willingness of land management right transfer,reaching a significant level of 5%and 1%respectively.On the contrary,the amount of agricultural machinery had a significant negative impact on the willingness of land management right transfer,reaching a significant level of 10%.The impact of non-farm income was great,with an estimated coefficient of 1.105 and an occurrence rate of 3.020.【Suggestion】To promote land management right to transfer out in Henan,following suggestions are proposed:increasing non-agricultural employment opportunities to improve the level of non-agricultural income of farmer household in all ways;adjusting the subsidy policy for agricultural machinery to carry out a subsidy policy related to the scale of farm operations;weakening the social security function of agricultural land and establishing the mechanism of land withdrawal.