不同汽爆处理下玉米秸秆品质综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on Corn Stalk Nutrient Quality under Different Steam Explosion Treatments

为缓解农牧交错地因天然草原破坏引起的饲草短缺、草畜平衡等问题,保证牛羊粗饲料的充足供给及畜牧业健康发展,本试验以玉米秸秆为原料,采用蒸汽爆破技术,通过调控汽爆腔压力和原料水分,对玉米秸秆进行汽爆处理。结果表明:蒸汽爆破处理后玉米秸秆粗蛋白质(Crude protein,CP)、粗脂肪(Crude fat,EE)和单糖(Monosaccharide)等养分相对含量与未汽爆秸秆相比均明显增加;中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber,NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber,ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(Acid detergent lignin,ADL)相对含量显著下降(P<0.05),康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System,CNCPS)评价结果表明,蒸汽爆破处理能将玉米秸秆中慢速降解成分转化为快速降解成分;聚类分析结果表明,汽爆处理秸秆与原样营养相对含量之间差异显著,汽爆腔压力1.25 MPa,原料水分50%~60%最优;且与CNCPS体系评价基本一致。在汽爆腔压力1.25 MPa和原料水分50%~60%条件下,营养成分相对含量增加最为显著,为汽爆玉米秸秆预处理最佳条件。

To solve problem of forage shortage and keep grass-animal balance in animal feeding practice,corn straw was treated by different steam explosion chamber pressures and different moisture levels.The corn straw nutrients after explosion were analyzed.The results showed that,CP,EE and monosaccharides of explored corn straw were significantly increased while NDF,ADF and ADL decreased significantly compared with those with no explosion(P<0.05).The results of CNCPS showed that steam explosion could convert slow-degradation components into fast degradation components The cluster analysis also showed that chamber pressure at 1.25 MPa with 50%~60%moisture has better performance,which is consistent with the CNCPS results.In conclusion,1.25 MPa pressure with 50%~60%is the best parameter for corn straw steam explosion.