药剂处理及切块大小对草石蚕块茎发芽特性影响的研究

Chemical Treatment and Cutting Size on Germination Characteristics of Tuber of Chinese Artichoke

以宁夏贺兰县地方草石蚕品种的块茎为试材,探讨室温条件下赤霉素与硫脲的不同浓度处理和不同切块离体大小对草石蚕块茎发芽特性的影响。结果表明:在萌芽数方面,0.1%、0.2%、0.5%硫脲和20 mg/L、10 mg/L、5 mg/L赤霉素可显著地促进草石蚕块茎萌芽,且硫脲效果优于赤霉素;在顶芽直径方面,1%硫脲对顶芽直径的增大有一定的促进作用,对其他处理无显著作用;在根数方面,0.2%硫脲对根数的促进效果最为显著,20 mg/L、5 mg/L、10 mg/L、50 mg/L赤霉素及0.1%、1%硫脲对根数的增加也都有显著的促进作用;在最大芽长方面,50 mg/L赤霉素促进效果最为显著,20 mg/L、10 mg/L、5 mg/L赤霉素在中后期也有随处理浓度增加而递增的显著促进效果,硫脲则可抑制芽长增长。此外,虽然二分体、三分体都能正常地生根发芽,仅二分体的萌芽数等4项指标和单体发芽特性相类似,说明在生产实践中,可利用二分体进行种苗的有效扩繁。

Taking the tubers of local Chinese artichoke varieties in Ningxia as the testing materials,the influences of gibberellin and thiourea with different concentration treatment and cutting in vitro on the their germination characteristics were discussed at room temperature.The results showed that in terms of the number of germination,0.1%,0.2%and 0.5%thiourea and 20 mg/L,10 mg/L and 5 mg/L gibberellin could significantly promote tuber germination and the effects of thiourea were better than those of gibberellin.In terms of the diameter of terminal bud,1%thiourea had a certain of promoting effect and had no obvious impacts on other treatments.In terms of root number,0.2%thiourea had the most obvious promoting effect,and 20 mg/L,5 mg/L,10 mg/L gibberellin and 50 mg/L gibberellin and 0.1%and 1%thiourea were also helpful to increase the number of roots.In terms of the maximum length of bud,50 mg/L gibberellin had the most remarkable effects.20 mg/L,10 mg/L and 5 mg/L gibberellin could also played obvious promoting role in middle and later stage as the concentration treatment increased.The thiourea could inhibit the growth of bud length.Although dyad and triad could normally take root and sprout,only the dyad’s four indicators including the number of sprouts were similar to those of germination characteristics of monomer.Therefore,the dyad could be used in production practice for effective propagation of seedlings.