添加草炭对茖葱驯化栽培的影响研究

Effects of Peat Added on Domestication Culturing of Allium victorialis L.

【目的】探索茖葱在宁夏驯化栽培的适宜土壤环境条件及可行的土壤改良措施。【方法】以吉林长白山区引进的野生茖葱种苗为供试材料,通过土壤中添加草炭对茖葱进行驯化栽培,对茖葱原生境及试验地的土壤物理性状、化学性状进行测定,同时调查试验地不同土壤处理茖葱的光合指标及生长情况。【结果】试验地土壤(CK)pH值和全盐含量均最高,其中pH值达8.71,全盐含量1.89 g/kg,改良后的T1、T2土壤较CK含水量显著提高,容重、pH值、全盐含量明显降低,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾、全量钙、有效铁含量均增加,其中T2的pH值较CK降低了12.28%,全盐含量较CK降低了48.15%;原生境土壤CK’偏酸性,pH值仅为5.02,土壤全盐含量低,为0.76 g/kg;与CK’相比,T1、T2的pH值和全盐含量仍显著高于CK’,有机质、有效磷、有效钾、有效铁含量已经显著高于CK’;T1的全盐含量显著高于T2,T2的有效磷、有效钾、全量钙、有效铁均较T1显著增加;T2茖葱的光合性能、品质特性和生长情况略优于T1,且二者的有机酸含量显著低于CK’,Vc含量显著高于CK’,但生长指标均显著低于CK’,高于CK。【结论】T1、T2的土壤改良方式效果明显,说明土壤中添加草炭对茖葱驯化栽培的土壤改良措施可行,与原生境茖葱的生长存在差距可能是试验地土壤pH值和全盐含量仍然过高,或者是其他的环境条件如光照、空气温湿度等综合影响的结果,还需进一步探索。

【Objectives】In order to explore the suitable soil environmental conditions and feasible soil improvement measures in the domestication cultivation of Allium victorialis L.in Ningxia.【Methods】Wild seedlings of Allium victorialis L.from Jilin Changbai mountains were used as materials and they were domesticated and cultivated by adding peat in the soil;the physical and chemical characters of the original habitat and the tested soil of Allium victorialis L.were measured;the photosynthetic indices and growth of Allium victorialis L.of different soil treatments were investigated.【Results】The pH and total salt of tested soil(CK)were the highest,and the pH was 8.71,the total salt was 1.89 g/kg;the improved soil T1,T2water content were significantly higher than CK,and their bulk density,pH and total salt content significantly decreased,all their Organic matter,alkali-hydro nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total amount of calcium and iron increased effectively.The T2 pH decreased by 12.28%,and the total salt content was reduced by 48.15%compared with CK the CK′soil slight acid,pH only 5.02,soil total salt content(0.76 g/kg)was low;compared with CK′,the pH and total salt of T1 and T2 were still significantly higher than CK′,organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium and iron content were significantly higher than CK;the total salt of T1 was significantly higher than T2,the available phosphorus,available potassium,total amount of calcium and iron of T2 significantly increased compared with T1;Allium victorialis L.photosynthetic characteristics,quality characteristics and growth of T2 were slightly better than T1,the organic acid content of the two was significantly lower than that of CK′,and Vc content was significantly higher than CK′,But the growth indicators of both of them were significantly lower than that of CK′,higher than that of CK.【Conclusions】The T1T2 ways of soil improvement effect was obvious,which shows that adding Peat in the soil is feasible soil improvement measures for domesticated cultivation of Allium victorialis L.,with Allium victorialis L.growth of the original habitat have gaps may be soil pH and total salt of are still too high,or other environmental conditions such as light,air temperature and humidity combined influence results,which still needs to be further explored.