中华民族共同体构建视角下魏晋“徙戎”思想的历史生成与反思

A Historical Study of the Idea of Military-forced Emigration in the Wei and Jin Dynasties from the Perspective of the Construction of the Community of the Chinese Nation with a Shared Destiny

魏晋时期北方游牧人口大量内迁、与汉民杂处,当时儒家士人阶层出现了主张民族疏离的"徙戎"思想。在传统史学研究基础上,对于该问题需要更深入的观察与思考。从历史人类学时段理论和文化中心视阈来看,魏晋"徙戎"思想是中国历史长时段纵向作用积累的产物,其本质是华夷文化差异在部分儒家士人头脑中的畸形反映。以古鉴今,一套保障各民族基于文化差异的深层心理趋向"相互尊重、相互包容、相互欣赏"的制度安排,是当前构建中华民族共同体要认真面对和努力推进的工作。

During the Wei and Jin dynasties,a large number of nomadic people in north China moved southward and mingled with the Han people.Facing such migration,some Confucian scholars had the idea of military-forced emigration of these nomadic people,which advocated ethnic distinction and isolation.The perspective of the traditional historical research calls for more in-depth observation and thinking on this issue.From the perspective of historical anthropology,the idea of military-forced emigration in the Wei and Jin dynasties was the inevitable product of the long-term cultural accumulation in Chinese history,whose essence was the incorrect reflection of the cultural variation between the Hua and the Yi in the minds of some Confucian scholars.Thus,past history can shed much light on the present,and it is necessary to establish an institutional mechanism for the deep-rooted psychology for mutual respect,tolerance and appreciation among all ethnic groups on the basis of cultural variation,which will help the construction of the community of the Chinese nation with a shared destiny.