朱熹哲学研究的批判与反思:“心统性情”的意象诠释

Critique of the Research on Zhu Xi’s Philosophy and a Yi-Xiang Interpretation of“Human Spirituality Includes Reason and Sentiment”

"心统性情"是朱熹心性论的枢要与纲领,然而当如何诠释却是难题,当前学界至少有三种互不相容的意见。从意象诠释出发,理解"心统性情"的前提便是"即心即道"天人合一。依本源结构而推之,朱熹诸多说法,只是所指轻重不同,各有地头说。意象诠释的宗旨与核心就在"大道即诠释",诠释之言就是大道之意的彰显,以"意-象-言"这一本源结构之象为桥梁和中介。最后,以此为立场,主要从3个方面反思和批判当前朱熹哲学的研究:一是诠释的全摄性和超越性,二是诠释的简约性和原则性,三是诠释的整体性和一贯性。

“Human spirituality includes reason and sentiment”is the core of Zhu Xi’s theory of mind and nature.However,its correct interpretation is a challenge which finds expression in at least three incompatible opinions in the current academic world.Starting from the philosophy of Yi-Xiang,the premise of understanding“human spirituality includes reason and sentiment”is the“harmony of heaven and man”in“heart is Dao”.According to the original structure,many Zhu Xi’s sayings are only different in emphasis,and each has its own interpretation.The purpose and core of Yi-Xiang’s interpretation is in the“Grand Dao is interpretation”,the words of interpretation are the manifestation of the meaning of Dao,with the integration of meaning,image and speech as the bridge and intermediary.Finally,from this standpoint,the paper gives a critique of the current research on Zhu Xi’s philosophy from three aspects:one is the totality and transcendence of interpretation,the second is the simplicity and principle of interpretation,and the third is the integrity and consistency of interpretation.