清末台湾建省成功的海权因素

The Factor of Sea Power in the Success of Taiwan Province in the Late Qing Dynasty

历史上,台湾本来就是中国领土。清代,台湾的行政建置是一个"府",隶属于福建省管辖。光绪年间,日本侵略台湾,敲响海权危机的警钟。中国有志之士深感"防海以保台为要",萌发了台湾海权意识,袁保恒于近代中国率先倡议台湾建省。19世纪80年代,法国疯狂地侵犯中国神圣领土台湾。中国朝野人士认识到,"必能海战而后海防乃可恃""非创设外海兵轮水师不可",呼吁对台湾进行重点防护,强化了中国海权意识。尤其难能可贵的是,1885年7月29日,钦差大臣、督办福建军务左宗棠奏请台湾建省,表达了主流民意。1885年10月12日,清政府毅然决然地在台湾建省。由此可见,海权意识作为催化剂,促成台湾建省成功;台湾建省成功,又反过来更加卓有成效地捍卫中国海权。

Taiwan has been a Chinese territory since ancient times.In Qing Dynasty,the administrative system of Taiwan was a "prefecture" governed by Fujian Province.In the Guangxu Period,Japan invaded Taiwan,which rang the alarm of sea power crisis.Chinese people with lofty ideals deeply realized "the importance of protecting Taiwan in coast defense",and for this reason,the consciousness of sea power of Taiwan emerged,and Yuan Baoheng initiatively proposed to establish Taiwan Province in the times of Modern China.In 1880 s,when France crazily invaded Taiwan,one of the sacred territories of China,the Chinese government and the public realized that "the ability of naval battles is the basis of coast defense",and "it is absolutely necessary to establish navies and boats on the open seas",appealed for the key protection and defense of Taiwan,and strengthened the consciousness of sea power of Taiwan.More commendably,on July 29 th,1885,Zuo Zongtang,an imperial commissioner supervising and handling the military affairs in Fujian,presented the memorial of establishing Taiwan Province to the emperor,and expressed the mainstream public opinion.On October 12 th,1885,the Qing government established Taiwan Province determinedly.It can be perceived that the consciousness of sea power serving as a catalyst contributed to the successful establishment of Taiwan Province;conversely,the successful establishment of Taiwan Province further effectively protected the sea power of Taiwan.