不同野生群体与家系养殖翘嘴鳜遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of Siniperca chuatsi in wild and cultivated populations

为探讨长江野生群体、通江湖泊野生群体和家系养殖翘嘴鳜群体的遗传多样性,利用7个高度多态的微卫星标记对5个群体进行遗传分析。结果显示,7个微卫星位点的等位基因数、有效等位基因数平均值分别为29和9。观测杂合度、期望杂合度、平均多态信息量平均值分别为0.853、0.886和0.875。通过平均多态信息量PIC统计发现,遗传多样性从大到小依次为:长江野生群体>梁子湖群体>洞庭湖群体>武汉养殖群体>无锡养殖群体。遗传距离及遗传相似系数分析表明,长江野生群体和无锡养殖群体间的遗传距离最大(0.813),遗传相似系数最小(0.444)。UPGMA聚类分析显示,5个群体可分为2个亚群,其中亚群I包括梁子湖群体、洞庭湖群体和长江野生群体,亚群II包括武汉养殖群体和无锡养殖群体。结果表明翘嘴鳜不同种群间的基因交流受到了一定的地理阻碍,特别是养殖群体与长江野生群体表现较高的遗传分化。

Samples from Yangtze river,Tongjiang lakes and cultivated populations of Siniperca chuatsi were collected to explore the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated populations in this species.Seven highly polymorphic microsatellites were developed to reveal the genetic diversity in five populations.The results showed that the average numbers of alleles and the number of effective alleles were 29 and 9,respectively.The observed heterozygosity,the expected heterozygosity and the values of average polymorphic information were 0.853,0.886,0.875,respectively.Average poly state information PIC statistical findings showed the trenency from high to low as Yangtze River population,Liangzi lake population,Dongting lake population,Wuhan farm population and Wuxi farm population.The genetic distance and the genetic similarity coefficient revealed that the genetic distance between the wild population and the Wuxi farm population was the largest(0.813).The genetic similarity coefficient was the smallest(0.444).Five groups could be divided into two subsets,the subgroupⅠincluding groups of Yangtze River population,Liangzi lake population and Dongting lake population,subgroupⅡincluding Wuxi farm population and Wuhan farm population.The results showed that genetic communication between different populations of S.chuatsi was hindered by geographical conditions,especially the farm groups and the Yangtze river population showed high genetic differentiation.