玄武岩玻璃析晶性能的研究

Crystallization Kinetics of Basalts

以玄武岩纤维生产企业常用的河北玄武岩作为实验材料,用偏光显微镜和X射线衍射(XRD)分析得到其主要矿物组成是斜长石和辉石,伴有铁质及玻璃质、少许石英和绿泥石。通过1450℃高温熔制快速冷却制成玄武岩玻璃,用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究其析晶动力学。得到玄武岩玻璃在890℃、1 100℃和1 190℃的析晶活化能(E)分别是165.23kJ/mol、352.21 kJ/mol和3 415.34 kJ/mol,主要晶化方式在890℃和1 100℃是体积晶化、1 190℃是表面晶化。对玄武岩玻璃分别在890℃、1100℃和1190℃进行晶化热处理,用XRD和扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱进行分析获得的主要析晶相有镁铁尖晶石相、斜长石相和辉石相,其形态有发育较好的板状微晶,球粒状雏晶、大小不等的粒状雏晶和骸晶及链状的串雏晶。研究结果可以为工业生产玄武岩纤维工艺条件的控制提供理论依据。

As the main mineral composition commonly used in basalt fiber industry production, the main mineral compositions of Hebei basalt were plagioclase, pyroxene, iron, glassy minerals, a little quartz and chlorite which were showed in Polarizing microscope and X-ray diffraction(XRD). In this work, the crystallization kinetics of Hebei basalt glass prepared with Hebei basalt by melt quenching method were studied. In the study of its crystallization kinetics by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), the crystallization activation energy(E)of three crystallization peaks of Hebei basalt glass were 165.23 kJ/mol, 352.21 kJ/mol and 3415.37 kJ/mol,respectively. The results indicated that the crystallization modes of Hebei basalt glass are volume crystallization at 890℃ and 1100℃, and surface crystallization at 1190℃, respectively. In order to study the crystallization information of Hebei basalt glass, Hebei basalt glass was heated at different temperatures, respectively. The main crystal phase are found to be magnesium iron spinel, plagioclase and pyroxene by XRD, respectively. Through scanning electron microscope(SEMedx), it was found that the morphology of crystalline phases mainly consisted of well-developed plate-like crystallites, spherulitic crystallites, granular crystallites and skeletal crystals of varying sizes and chain-shaped crystallites. The results of this initial study provide a theoretical guidance for controlling the technological conditions of industrial production of basalt fibers.