领导关系:导师与研究生关系的个案研究?

Leadership:a Case Study on the Relationship Between Mentors and Postgraduates

导师与研究生之间客观存在着一种领导关系,权力是这种领导关系形成的根本条件。导师领导权力的来源主要有科层管理制度、教育教学要求、科学研究需要以及导师个人威信等四个方面。导师领导权力的不当使用是导致导师与研究生关系出现问题的重要原因,它在不同程度上使教育教学受阻、科研绩效降低、师生关系恶化。为保证导师正当行使其权力,促进师生之间的和睦相处,导师领导权力必须得到合理限定,即导师管理权力的使用不应破坏研究生教育制度,教学权力的使用不应背离培养目标,科研权力的使用不应阻碍知识发展,威信权力的使用不应损害非正式关系。

Between mentors and postgraduates exists the leadership,which is formed predominantly by means of power that the mentors have over the postgraduates. The mentors’ power mainly springs from the bureaucratic management,the requirements of teaching and education,the need for scientific research,and the mentors’ personal authority. The abuse of the power is the essential cause for such relationship problems between the mentors and postgraduates,as in various degrees to have impeded teaching and education,degraded the performance in scientific research,and deteriorated the student-staff relationship. To ensure the mentors’ power appropriately utilized so that the mentors and postgraduates can live in harmony,the power must be reasonably specified. That is,the mentors’ exercise of power in the management should not violate the regulations of the postgraduate education system. The performance of power in teaching and education should not deviate with the training objective in higher education. The practice of power in scientific research should not hinder the development of knowledge,and the implementation of power in the mentors ’ personal authority should not harm their informal relationship.