国外足球点球心理研究进展

Psychological Researches in Penalty Kick in Foreign Countries

点球是现代足球竞赛中的重要技术,对比赛结果具有显著的影响。点球心理研究是足球心理研究中的热点议题。该文从队服颜色效应、罚球员与守门员的非言语行为、罚球员射门策略以及预测罚球员射门区域的先行线索等四个方面对国外足球点球心理研究现状进行了系统回顾与总结,认为每个影响守门员或罚球员的因素均可应用于守门员或罚球员的指导与训练。在对国外研究现状分析的基础上提出了未来的研究方向提高研究的生态学效度与加强质性研究,重视心理干预研究以提升球员的抗压能力。

Penalty kick is important skill in modern football game,it significantly affects competition outcome.This paper systematically summarized the psychological research status of foreign football penalty from four aspects:color effect,prediction of penalty players and penalty players,nonverbal behavior of penalty players and goalkeepers.It was believed that every factor affecting the goalkeeper or penalty player could be applied to the direction and training of the goalkeeper or penalty player.Based on the analysis of the current situation of foreign research,the future research direction to improve the ecological validity and strengthen the qualitative research of the research,and to attach importance to psychological intervention research to enhance the player's ability to resist pressure were put forth.