尿石症与骨质疏松相关性的研究进展

Research progress of the relationship between urinary calculus and osteoporosis

尿路结石与骨质疏松均存在钙代谢异常,且发病率高,对生活质量造成严重影响,研究表明两者之间存在一定相关性。高钙尿症通过骨吸收增加等,或为两者发病机制间的关键桥梁。对遗传因素的研究中也发现了许多与两者有关的基因,主要为腺苷酸环化酶10基因、1,25-(OH)2D3-24羟化酶基因、钙敏受体与紧密连接蛋白14基因。但对上述一些基因变异与尿石症和骨质疏松的研究尚存在不同结论,且其具体机制仍待进一步研究。雌激素缺乏通过骨丢失、减少瞬时感受器电位阳离子通道V5表达,造成高钙尿、低骨量,导致尿石症及骨质疏松。高蛋白、高钠、低钙等饮食因素也能影响两者的形成,笔者综述两者之间相关性的研究进展。

Abnormal calcium metabolism exists in both urinary tract stone and osteoporosis patients,and the incidences are high,leading to serious impacts on the quality of life.Studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between them.Hypercalciuria due to increase of bone resorption may be the key bridge between the pathogenesis of the two.In the study of genetic factors,many related genes are found,mainly including ADCY10 gene,CYP24A1 gene,CaSR,and CLDN14 gene.However,the studies of gene variations result in different conclusion,and the specific mechanism remains to be further studied.Estrogen deficiency through bone loss and reduced expression of TRPV5 result in high calcium urine and low bone mass,leading to urolithiasis and osteoporosis.High protein,high sodium,and low calcium intake and other dietary factors also affect the development of both diseases.This paper reviews the research progress of the correlation between the two disorders.