青藏高原牦牛支原体血清抗体检测及流行趋势研究

Epidemic Trend and Serological Antibody Detection of Mycoplasma bovis in Yak on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

【目的】为全面了解牛支原体在我国青藏高原牦牛群中的分布与感染状况。【方法】本研究对先后采集于青藏高原的959份牦牛血清(其中四川56份、甘肃243份、西藏436份、青海224份)应用ELISA法进行了血清抗体检测。【结果】我国青藏高原牦牛群中牛支原体抗体阳性率为48.70%;若从各省(区)分布来看,四川、甘肃、西藏、青海的抗体阳性率依次为64.29%、53.09%、46.10%、45.09%;若从感染年龄来看,1岁以下者为55.70%,1~2岁者为46.20%,3~6岁者为45.23%,6岁以上者为49.70%;若从感染性别来看,雄性阳性率为45.71%,雌性阳性率为50.24%。经SPSS21.0进行卡方检验,结果表明:四川与甘肃的血清抗体阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05),却与青海、西藏差异均显著(P<0.05),但甘肃、西藏、青海差异均不显著(P>0.05);感染年龄4省(区)均差异不显著(P>0.05);感染性别四川、甘肃、青海的雌性均高于雄性,但四川和青海差异不显著(P>0.05),仅甘肃差异显著(P<0.05),而西藏雄性高于雌性,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】牛支原体在我国青藏高原牦牛群中广泛存在与流行,尤其在四川、西藏和青海省呈现明显的逐年上升趋势。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to understand the distribution and infection of Mycoplasma bovis in yaks of Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China.【Method】In this study,959 yak serum samples(56 from Sichuan,243 from Gansu,436 from Tibet and 224 from Qinghai)were collected from Qinghai-Tibet plateau and tested for serum antibodies by ELISA.【Result】The results showed that the positive rate of Mycoplasma bovis antibody in yak herds on Qinghai-Tibet plateau was 48.70%.If the distribution of the antibody in Sichuan,Gansu,Tibet and Qinghai provinces was observed,the positive rate was 64.29%,53.09%,46.10%and 45.09%.If the infection age was considered,the positive rate was 55.70%for those under one year old,46.20%for those aged 1-2,45.23%for those aged 3-6 years and 49.70%for those over six years old.The positive rate of male and female was 45.71%and 50.24%respectively.Chi-square test with SPSS21.0 software showed that there was no significant difference in the positive rate of serum antibodies between Sichuan and Gansu(P>0.05),but significant difference between Sichuan and Qinghai and Tibet(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among Gansu,Tibet and Qinghai(P>0.05);there was no significant difference in the age of infection among the four provinces(regions)(P>0.05);the females of Sichuan,Gansu and Qinghai were higher than males.But there was no significant difference between Sichuan and Qinghai(P>0.05),only Gansu(P<0.05),while Tibetan males were higher than females,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).【Conclusion】It shows that Mycoplasma bovis is widespread and prevalent in Yak herds on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China,especially in Sichuan,Tibet and Qinghai provinces showing an obvious upward trend year by year.