双宾句中数量词相关的不对称现象及其生成机制

TheAsymmetry of Classifiers in Double Object Sentences and Its Generating Mechanism

在双宾结构中,直接宾语和间接宾语缀以数量词时,表现出明显的不对称性。主要表现在以下三个方面:直接宾语和间接宾语前能否加数量词能力的不对称;宾语前后缀以数量词时次序选择的不对称;宾语前附接动量词能力的不对称。这种不对称现象具有内在的生成机制:直接宾语和间接宾语加上数量词后构成数量词组和指称性名词短语两类数量表达;此外,直接宾语前插入动量词构成句法语义错配现象。双宾语加数量词的这一不对称性归根到底还是由双宾语的基础位置决定的。

In the double-object structure, when classifiers inserted before direct objects and indirect objects, which show asymmetry obviously. It is mainly manifested in the following three aspects: the asymmetry in the ability of inserting classifiers before direct objects and indirect objects;the asymmetry in order selection when classifiers are added before and after objects;the asymmetry in the ability to attach frequency phrase in front of objects. This asymmetry has an internal generative mechanism: The direct object and the indirect object inserting a classifiers form two types of number expressions, a number phrase and a referential phrase;Furthermore, the insertion of FP before the direct object constitutes a syntactic and semantic mismatch. In the final analysis, the asymmetry of double objects inserting classifiers is determined by the basic position of double objects.