黔史两题:从“夜郎王印”到余庆司副长官墓

Two Topics of Guizhou History:From“the King Seal of Yelang”to the Tomb of Chieftain in Yuqing

夜郎与土司问题,是贵州历史研究中两个重要的议题。而将地下出土的材料与文献记载相结合,则是深化两个问题的关键。本文结合汉代出土材料,否定了传世的镇宁铜印为“夜郎王印”的可能,这实际上是一枚明清时期的道教法印,它的出现反映了明清时期道教北帝派在贵州地区的广泛影响力。遵义洪江新发现的明代早期余庆司副长官李仲贤墓,反映了余庆长官司在明代早、晚期先后有李、陈二姓担任副长官的事实,结合文献亦可一探土司中职衔较低的副长官的袭替问题。

Yelang and chieftain are two important issues in the study of Guizhou history.The key to deepen the two problems is to combine the materials unearthed underground with the documents.Based on the unearthed materials of Han Dynasty,this paper denies the possibility of Zhenning bronze seal as"the King seal of Yelang",which is actually a Taoism seal in the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties,reflecting the widespread influence of Taoism in Guizhou.The tomb of Li Zhongxian who was the deputy chieftain in Yuqing in the early Ming Dynasty which reflects the fact that the two family Li and Chen served as the deputy chieftain successively in the early and late Ming Dynasty.How was the succession of the lower rank deputy chieftain complemented?We can find out some clues through bibliography or literature.