液压挖掘机工作装置动态测试与瞬态动力学分析

Dynamic Test and Transient Dynamic Analysis of Working Device of Hydraulic Excavator

为了分析液压挖掘机工作装置在实际工况下的动态特性,以XE215G中型挖掘机为研究对象,利用实测的动臂、斗杆和铲斗油缸压力和位移数据,通过建立动力学模型间接计算所有铰点载荷。与此同时,测试动臂、斗杆大应力部位的应力-时间历程。对动臂、斗杆进行瞬态动力学分析,将瞬态动力学分析结果与测试结果对比,发现2种结果中测点处的应力变化规律基本吻合,证明瞬态动力学分析结果可信。瞬态动力学分析能够反映实际挖掘过程中的工作装置动应力分布规律,其他未测试危险点位置的应力-时间历程也可以根据瞬态动力学分析获得。

In order to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the working device of hydraulic excavator under actual working conditions,taking a medium excavator XE215G as the research object,all hinge loads were calculated indirectly using the measured pressure and displacement data of the boom cylinder,stick cylinder and bucket cylinder by a dynamic model.Meanwhile,the stress-time history of the parts under large stress of the boom and stick was tested.Transient dynamic analysis of the boom and stick was carried out,and the results were compared with the test data.It is found that the stress changes at the measuring points are basically consistent,which proves that the results of transient dynamic analysis are credible.Transient dynamic analysis can reflect the dynamic stress distribution law of the working device in actual excavation process.The stress-time history of other unmeasured dangerous points can also be obtained by transient dynamic analysis.