面向生态友好的水库群调度模型

Group operation model for ecological friendly reservoir

为了使径流接近自然状态,使生态流量的改变量在可以接受的范围内,通过设定适宜生态流量上限和下限,以生态溢缺水率和综合缺水率作为目标建立了浊漳河流域水库群生态调度模型,依据大系统分解协调技术和DP进行求解,并比较分析以生态溢缺水率最小为目标和以生态缺水率最小为目标的结果差异,结果验证了系统协调的有效性,在水库的调蓄能力范围内,模型在时间上解决了年际间缺水不平衡的情况,在空间上完成了下游共同承担的生态供水任务。以生态溢缺水率最小作为生态目标,较传统的以生态缺水率最小作为目标可得到更低的月平均缺水率和更高的生态满足度,漳泽、后湾、关河水库的月平均综合缺水率分别降低了0.25%、0.62%、0.03%,多年平均生态满足度提高了2.5%。

In order to make the runoff close to the natural state and make the change of ecological flow within the acceptable range,by setting appropriate upper and lower limits of ecological flow and considering the ecological overflow and water shortage rate as well as the comprehensive water shortage rate as targets,an ecological scheduling model in reservoir group operation of Zhuozhang river basin was established.This model was solved according to the large-scale system decomposition-coordination technology and DP method.The difference between results with the minimum ecological overflow,water shortage rate and the minimum ecological water shortage rate was compared and analyzed.The results verified the effectiveness of system coordination.Within the capacity of reservoir regulation and storage,the model solved the imbalance of inter-annual water shortage in time and completed the ecological water supply task jointly undertaken by the downstream in space.Taking the minimum ecological overflow and water shortage rate as the ecological target,the lower monthly average water shortage rate and higher ecological satisfaction degree can be obtained compared with the traditional minimum ecological water shortage rate.The monthly average water shortage rate of Zhangze,Houwan and Guanhe reservoirs was reduced by 0.25%,0.62%and 0.03%respectively,and the annual average ecological satisfaction degree was increased by 2.5%.