高学历精神分裂症住院患者病耻感的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of stigma on high educated hospitalized patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨高学历精神分裂症住院患者病耻感现状。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取2018年12月—2019年2月在江苏省13个地级市二级以上精神病专科医院住院的240例高学历精神分裂症恢复期患者为调查对象。采用Link病耻感量表其进行调查。结果共发放问卷240份,回收有效问卷202份。202例高学历精神分裂症患者贬低-歧视感知分量表得分,应对方式分量表中保密、分离、教育、挑战得分,情感体验分量表的误解、不同/羞耻维度得分,分别与常模比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况及住院次数的高学历住院精神分裂症患者的病耻感得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论高学历住院精神分裂症患者普遍存在较高的病耻感,提示应制定有针对性的干预措施及时进行干预。

Objective To investigate the status of stigma on high educated hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,240 high-educated patients with schizophrenia recovering from December 2018 to February 2019 in 13 prefecture-level psychiatric hospitals in Jiangsu Province were selected as survey subjects,they were investigated using the Link Stigma Scale.Results There were 240 questionnaires and 202 valid questionnaires.The scores of belittling-discrimination perception subscale,and confidentiality,separation,education and challenge in coping style subscale,and emotional experience subscale(misunderstanding,difference/shame)in 202 high educated hospitalized patients with schizophrenia were significantly different from the midpoint score 2.50(P<0.01).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in stigma scores among hospitalized schizophrenia patients of different ages,genders,marital status and number of hospitalizations(P<0.01).Conclusions There is a high stigma in high educated hospitalized patients with schizophrenia,which suggests that targeted intervention measures should be formulated in a timely manner.