2010-2015年山东省狂犬病病毒分子流行病学特征

Molecular epidemiology of rabies in Shandong province, 2010–2015

目的了解山东省境内流行的狂犬病病毒(RABV)的遗传进化特征和流行特点。方法对山东省2010-2015年收集的犬脑组织标本和病例唾液、血液等标本用RABV直接免疫荧光法或反转录-聚合酶链式反应法进行检测,检测阳性标本进行N基因序列测定和种系发生分析。结果 70份犬脑组织标本有11份为阳性,31份病例液体标本有2份为阳性,13份阳性标本都测序得到N基因全序(1 353 bp)。汇总已发表所有山东标本N基因序列(共26个)以及我国7个RABV种群的代表株共同构建的种系发生树显示,近90%的山东株(2006-2015年)属于ChinaⅠ进化群,其余3株(2006-2008年)属于ChinaⅡ进化群;山东省东部和西部地区的流行株相对聚集又明显交叉,泰安流行株最具多样性。结论山东省RABV分属ChinaⅠ和Ⅱ两个种群,近年山东省狂犬病的流行基本是ChinaⅠ传播扩散的结果。

Objective To understand the genetic, evolution and spread characteristics of rabies virus in Shandong province.Methods The dog brain samples and human liquid samples(saliva, serum et al), collected during 2010–2015, were detected by using DFA or RT-PCR. The N gene of the rabies virus strains isolated from the positive samples were sequenced, and the results were used for phylogenetic analysis. Results Among the 70 dog brain samples, 11 were positive;and among 21 human liquid samples, 2 were positive. The N genes(1 353 bp) were sequenced for all the rabies virus strains isolated from 13 positive samples and the phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the 26 N genes of Shandong strains and the reference strains in 7 lineages in China, which indicated that nearly 90% of the rabies strains from Shandong(collected during2006–2015) belonged to China Ⅰ lineage, while the remaining 3 strains(collected during 2006–2008) belonged to China Ⅱlineage. The rabies strains isolated from eastern and western Shandong were less diverse and shared similarity, but the strains isolated from Tai’an showed high diversity. Conclusion The rabies strains isolated in Shandong province belonged to ChinaⅠ and China Ⅱ lineages, and the spread of China Ⅰ lineage was responsible for the rabies incidence in Shandong in recent years.