松嫩草原盐碱土细菌多样性分析

Variation of bacterial communities in the saline-alkaline soil of meadow on Songnen Plain

以松嫩盐碱草原3种不同盐碱程度的盐碱土为材料,应用高通量测序技术,研究了3种不同程度盐碱土壤的细菌群落结构。结果表明:3种盐碱土的理化性质差异显著(P<0.05),pH值、碱化度随着盐碱化程度增加而增大,而碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量随着盐碱化程度增加而降低;3种盐碱土共获得2841个OTU,分属于39个细菌门,其中酸杆菌门、变形菌门等10个菌门是盐碱土中最主要的细菌门类;轻度盐碱土中酸杆菌门占主导地位,相对丰度为32.28%,中度盐碱土中变形菌门占主导地位,相对丰度为19.87%,重度盐碱土中放线菌门占主导地位,相对丰度为22.57%;RDA分析表明,酸杆菌门、硝化螺旋菌门、广古菌门、TM7等的相对丰度与碱解氮、有机质以及速效钾含量呈正相关,疣微菌门的相对丰度与有效磷含量呈正相关,放线菌门、浮霉菌门、拟杆菌门、芽单胞菌门、厚壁菌门的相对丰度与pH值、碱化度呈正相关。

The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacteria community structure, which was obtained at three different degrees of saline-alkali soils on Songnen saline-alkali steppe. The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of the three saline-alkali soils were significantly different. The pH and alkalinity increased with the increase of salinization, while the content of alkali nitrogen, available potassium, and organic matter decreased. A total of 2841 OTUs were obtained from the three saline-alkali soils, belonging to 39 bacterial phyla, and the dominant phyla at the different saline-alkali steppes, including Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Crenarchaeota, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Nitrospirae. Acidobacteria(32.28%), Proteobacteria(19.87%), and Actinobacteria(22.57%) were the main bacteria in SS, MS, and HS groups, respectively. The results of RDA indicated that Acidobacteria, Crenarchaeota, Nitrospirae, Euryarchaeota, and TM7 positively correlated to the alkaline nitrogen, organic matter and available potassium. Verrucomicrobia was positively correlated to the available phosphorus. Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Firmicutes had the positive relationship with the pH and ESP.