美国高校艺术类专业本科招生模式初探

A Preliminary Exploration of the Undergraduate Enrollment Model of Art Majors in American Colleges and Universities

美国高校艺术类专业本科招生采取申请-审核制,学生提交的申请材料主要包括艺术作品集、标准化考试成绩和文书材料,其中艺术作品为录取与否的主要因素,标准化考试成绩、个人背景、学业成绩、艺术陈述和专家推荐信等也是录取的综合评价因素。美国高校艺术类专业招生"不唯分数"的录取机制为选拔有创造力的艺术人才提供了可能,但也存在因专家主观偏好而意外淘汰个别具有潜质考生的问题。在借鉴美国经验的基础上,我国高校艺术类专业招生要坚持立德树人,体现美育精神;改革考试内容,完善省级统考制度;改进评价机制,强化过程考查;凸显公平公正,确保科学选才。

U. S. colleges adopt the application-review system for undergraduate admissions of art majors. The application materials submitted by students mainly include art collections, standardized test scores and paper materials. Among them, art works are the main factors for admission or not, standardized test scores, personal background, academic achievements, art statements and expert recommendation letters are also comprehensive evaluation factors for admission. The admission mechanism of the"non-score only" by the art admissions committee of U. S. colleges provides the possibility of selecting artistic talents, but at the same time there is also the problem of accidentally eliminating individual potential candidates due to subjective preferences of experts. On the basis of drawing on the experience of the United States, it is proposed that the enrollment of arts majors in Chinese colleges must first adhere to the principle of moral cultivation and embody the spirit of aesthetic education;secondly, reform the examination content and improve the joint examination system;thirdly, improve the evaluation mechanism and strengthen the process examination;finally, we must place special emphasis on fairness and justice and ensure scientific talent selection.