‘红露珍’山茶花对普通金花茶嫁接的影响

Effect of‘Hongluzhen’Camellia on Grafting of Camellia chrysantha

【目的】研究以‘红露珍’山茶花为砧木对普通金花茶嫁接的影响,为金花茶优质嫁接苗繁殖提供参考依据。【方法】以5个不同油茶、茶树及山茶花品种为砧木对普通金花茶进行嫁接,筛选出最适宜的砧木品种‘红露珍’山茶花,再以‘红露珍’山茶花为研究对象,研究不同种植年限、不同嫁接方法及不同嫁接时间对普通金花茶嫁接的影响。【结果】在供试5个油茶、茶树及山茶花砧木品种中,最适宜作普通金花茶砧木的是‘红露珍’山茶花,红皮糙果茶和宛田红花油茶次之;以‘红露珍’山茶花为砧木嫁接普通金花茶时,1年生至5年生的‘红露珍’山茶花对普通金花茶嫁接的成活率维持在92.5%~96.4%之间,没有显著差异,平均新梢长度随着砧木的种植年限而增加,从6.8 cm至18.3 cm依次递增;当使用不同嫁接方法进行嫁接时,插皮接的成活率及平均新梢长度均为最佳;在嫁接时间上,春秋季嫁接的成活率与夏冬季有显著差异,并且以春季嫁接最佳,秋季次之。【结论】以‘红露珍’山茶花为砧木嫁接普通金花茶时,应选择2~3年生砧木苗在春季用插皮接法进行嫁接。

【Objective】To study the effect of‘Hongluzhen’camellia as stock on grafting of Camellia chrysantha,and to provide reference for propagation of high-quality grafting seedlings of C.nitidissima.【Method】Five varieties of C.oleifera,tea tree and Camellia were used as stocks to graft C.chrysantha and the most suitable stock variety‘Hongluzhen’camellia was selected,and then‘Hongluzhen’camellia was taken as the research object to study the effects of different planting years,different grafting methods and different grafting time on C.chrysantha grafting.【Result】Among the 5 varieties of C.oleifera,tea tree and camellia,the best stock for C.chrysantha was‘Hongluzhen’camellia,followed by C.crapnelliana and C.polyodonta;When C.chrysantha was grafted with‘Hongluzhen’camellia as stock,the survival rate of‘Hongluzhen’camellia grafted with C.chrysantha from 1 year to 5 years old was maintained at 92.5%to 96.4%,with no significant difference,the average shoot length increased with the planting years of stock from 6.8 cm to 18.3 cm;when different grafting methods were used for grafting,the survival rate of skin grafting and the average length of new shoots were the best;As to grafting time,the survival rate of spring and autumn grafting is significantly different from that of summer and winter,and spring grafting is the best,followed by autumn.【Conclusion】When taking‘Hongluzhen’camellia as stock grafting C.chrysantha,it is recommended to choose 2-3 years old stock seedlings grafting in spring with sk in grafting method.