搅拌摩擦焊材料流动的试验表征研究现状

State-of-art of Experimental Characterization of Material Flow in Friction Stir Welding

搅拌摩擦焊作为一种较新的固相连接技术,在航空航天、高速列车、汽车、船舶等机械制造领域中具有广阔的应用前景。充分认识搅拌摩擦焊接过程中的塑性材料流动,对于深刻理解焊缝成形机理、优化焊接工艺具有重要的理论指导意义。综述了当前搅拌摩擦焊塑性材料流动的试验表征技术研究现状,重点分析了采用"点"、"线"、"面"和"体"形标记材料来研究塑性材料流动的优缺点。在此基础上,综述了搅拌摩擦焊缝成形机理的研究现状,探讨了关于材料流动的尚未有效解决的关键科学问题。

Friction stir welding(FSW), as a relatively new solid-state welding technique, is a promising technique in the field of aerospace, high-speed train, automobile, shipbuilding and other machinery manufacturing. Fully understanding the plastic flow of the deformed materials in the process of friction stir welding is of importance in theory for deeply understanding the mechanism of the weld formation and optimizing the welding process. The state-of-art of the experimental characterization of the material flow in friction stir welding is summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of using dots, lines, planes and solids as marker materials to study the material flow are emphatically analysed. Further, the research status of friction stir weld formation is reviewed, and the key scientific problems about the material flow which have not been solved effectively are discussed.