黑龙港低平原区直播夏花生高产品种筛选

Screening of high-yield variety for direct-sowing summer peanut in Heilonggang low plain area

引进新品种是提高作物产量的重要手段之一,本研究通过2年(2015年和2017年)大田试验,比较了14个夏播花生品种在黑龙港低平原区的生态适应性和产量表现。结果表明:试验年份显著影响花生的经济和农艺性状。与‘冀花4号’(对照)相比,‘豫花9620’‘豫花25’‘远杂9102’‘豫花9326’‘远杂9847’‘远杂9307’和‘豫花9719’等多个品种均具有产量优势,其中‘豫花9719’表现最好。两年试验中‘豫花9719’的荚果产量和籽仁产量分别比对照高出43.1%~46.4%和59.1%~73.5%。此外,荚果产量与籽仁产量、出仁率及百果重等均显著相关,但与单株饱果数、主茎高及侧枝长等的相关性受试验年份的影响。综合来看,在黑龙港低平原区引进种植‘豫花9719’是提高该区域夏花生产量的有效途径,可为该区域花生产业发展及种植业结构调整提供高产花生品种资源。

Introduction of varieties is one of the important approaches to improve crop yield. In this study, the ecological adaptability and yield performance of 14 summer-sown peanut varieties were compared in the Heilonggang low plain area through two field experimental years(2015 and 2017). The results showed that experimental year significantly affected the economic and agronomic traits of peanut. Compared with ‘Jihua 4’, as control in this study, varieties of ‘Yuhua 9620’ ‘Yuhua 25’ ‘Yuanza 9102’ ‘Yuhua 9326’ ‘Yuanza 9847’ ‘Yuanza 9307’ and ‘Yuhua 9719’ had yield advantages, among which ‘Yuhua 9719’ performed the best. The pod yield and grain yield of ‘Yuhua 9719’ were 43.1% and 46.4% higher in the first year and 59.1% and 73.5% higher in the second year than those of control, respectively. In addition, pod yield correlated significantly with grain yield, shelling percentage, and 100-pod weight, but correlation between pod yield with mature pods per plant, main stem heigth and lateral branch length was affected by the experimental year. In summary, the introduction and planting of ‘Yuhua 9719’ in the low plain area of Heilonggang is an effective way to improve the yield of peanut, which can provide high-yield peanut variety resources for the development of peanut industry and the adjustment of planting structure in this area.