2016年中山市成人主要慢性病流行特征与危险因素分析

Analysis on the epidemic characteristics and risk factors of Zhongshan adults chronic diseases in 2016

目的了解中山市居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常及高尿酸血症等主要慢性病患病情况及危险因素,为科学预防慢性病提供基线信息数据,为政府制定慢性病防控政策提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样调查方法对7 174名中山市18~79岁常住居民进行慢性病及其危险因素调查,描述高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和高尿酸血症的患病率及主要危险因素。结果高血压患病率为20.7%,患者知晓率为31.6%,主要危险因素是性别、年龄、饮酒、超重肥胖;糖尿病患病率为9.8%,患者知晓率为21.3%,主要危险因素是年龄、饮酒和肥胖;血脂异常患病率为39.7%,患者知晓率为8.7%,主要危险因素是年龄、吸烟、饮酒和肥胖;高尿酸血症患病率为36.1%,主要危险因素是性别、年龄、饮酒、摄入红肉超标、超重肥胖。结论中山市成人高血压、糖尿病等主要慢性病的患病率均在较高水平,且有逐渐增高的趋势,但中山市居民的慢性病知晓率仍然较低,应将加强重点人群的慢性病相关知识的健康教育列为慢性病防控工作重点。

Objective To understand the main chronic diseases and risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes,dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in Zhongshan residents,provide baseline information for the government to formulate chronic disease prevention and control policies. Methods Using the method of multi-stage sampling survey,7 174 permanent residents aged 18-79 in Zhongshan city were investigated for chronic diseases and their risk factors. The prevalence and main risk factors of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia were described. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 20.7%,and the patient awareness rate was 31.6%. The main risk factors were gender,age,alcohol consumption,overweight and obesity;the prevalence of diabetes was 9.8%,and the patient awareness rate was21.3%. The main risk factors were age,alcohol consumption and obesity;the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 39.7%,and the patient awareness rate was 8.7%. The main risk factors were age,smoking,alcohol consumption and obesity. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 36.1%. The main risk factors were gender and age,alcohol consumption,overweight and obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and other major chronic diseases in adults in Zhongshan city was at a high level,and there was a trend of increasing gradually. However,the awareness rate of chronic diseases of residents is still low,so it is necessary to strengthen the health education of chronic disease knowledge of key population as the focus of chronic disease prevention and control.