基于SBE分析法对滨水植物景观的量化研究--以南京滨水公园为例

Study on Quantitatively Assessing Waterfront Plant Communities by Applying the Scenic Beauty Estimation Method--A Case Study of Waterfront Parks in Nanjing

滨河植物群落是城市生态景观系统的一个重要组成部分,提高其绿化效果对城市居民的生活品质与城市的景观建设都有着积极而广泛的影响。基于SBE景观美景度分析法(ScenicBeautyEstimation,简称SBE分析法),对南京市10个滨水公园内的40个样地的植物景观进行了实地调研。调研收集的信息被制作成问卷调查表,信息通过计算被转化为滨河园林植物群落景观的SBE值。计算结果显示,SBE值最高的20块优秀样地得分由高到低是:B4、J3、B2、I4、B1、I3、D1、J2、J1、C4、G4、B3、D4、A1、D3、A2、D2、H1、E1、H4。通过对这20块优秀样地的图片进行景观要素的分解和量化,又进一步建立了南京滨河植物群落景观美景度评价模型:SBE=85.658+35.895×色彩和谐+71.750×尺度适宜-47.432×节奏韵律-32.782×宿根花卉数量+35.146×宿根花卉-30.842×乔木背景面积。成功运用SBE法对滨水植物配置进行了量化分解研究,为城市滨水植物景观的研究提供新的思路。

The system of waterfront plant communities is an important part of the urban landscape ecosystem,and its construction has a significant influence on the citizens’life quality and city’s overall development.This study evaluated 40 plant community samples from 10 important parks in Nanjing by using scenic beauty estimation(SBE method),a landscape evaluation method that uses both quantitative and qualitative analyses.On the basis of the procedures of SBE,the authors sorted 40 samples by using field investigation and collected their visuals in spring,summer,and autumn in 2017.The collected information was transformed from visualized information into quantitative information by using questionnaires,and further calculation was performed on each sample’s information to derive SBE.Ranking from high to low,the samples that have the top 20 SBEs are B4,J3,B2,I4,B1,I3,D1,J2,J1,C4,G4,B3,D4,A1,D3,A2,D2,H1,E1,and H4.To establish an assessment model of the waterfront plant communities’configuration mode,the top 20 samples’visuals are decomposed into 10 elements,namely,harmonious color,appropriate scale,distribution rhythm,abundant layers,consistent fluorescence,quantity of flowers,proportion of trees,proportion of flowers,proportion of exposed soil,and proportion of grass and fallen leaves.The information of the top 20 samples is processed in SPSS 18.0,and six elements were kept and formed the following model:SBE=85.658+35.895×harmonious color+71.750×appropriate scale 47.432×distribution rhythm–32.782×quantity of flowers+35.146×proportion of flowers–30.842×proportion of trees.This article successfully used SBE to analyze the waterfront plant communities’configuration modes in Nanjing,acting as a creative exploration toward quantitative and qualitative analyses of urban landscape.