视觉语言对听觉障碍人群阅读能力的影响及作用机制

Effects of visual language on reading among people who are deaf and hard of hearing and the underlying mechanisms

听觉障碍人群由于听觉部分或完全受损,视觉语言--唇读和手语就成为其阅读能力发展的主要途径。唇读有助于听觉障碍人群形成语音表征,与词汇知识相互影响,且可以促进字词阅读及阅读理解的水平;口语或书面语的加工可以激活相应的手语表征,手语影响着听觉障碍人群各个层次的阅读能力。未来研究应该关注语音意识、词汇知识等技能在视觉语言影响听觉障碍人群阅读能力过程中的作用机制,并以视觉语言为中心,发展出适合汉语听觉障碍人群阅读能力习得的理论模型。

The auditory channel is disabled for people who are deaf and hard of hearing, so they have to rely heavily on visual language - lip-reading and sign language - to develop their reading ability. Lip-reading can help deaf and hard-of-hearing people to form phonological representation, develop vocabulary knowledge, and promote word reading and reading comprehension. Oral and written language processing activates sign language, which affects all levels of reading ability for people who are deaf and har d of hearing. Future research should explore the role of reading skills such as phonological awareness and vocabulary knowledge in the effect of visual language on reading ability, and develop a theoretical model that explains the mechanisms underlying reading acquisition by visual language for Chinese people who are deaf and hard of hearing.