浅析雾霾危害与防治进展

Progress of analysis on the harm of haze and its prevention and control

雾霾主要是很多细小微颗粒悬浮在空气中,当呈现能与之相适宜的天气征象时产生。其中气候原因的冷空气偏暖,风速不强,风力很小,漂浮在空气中的极小颗粒物和混杂其中的污染物重复增加;人为因素的冬季燃煤、工业生产以及汽车尾气排放量加大,从而导致雾霾加重。雾霾对自然生物生长、人类生活环境构成影响,给人体健康带来较大威胁,人吸入后还会引起呼吸道、心血管等多种疾病的发生。治理雾霾任重而道远,应对雾霾天气,个人首先要从合理饮食以及自身防护做起;大的环境要加强重污染排放治理,节能减排,推行生态再生能源,扩建绿地等共建生态文明。加强PM2.5的监测,为将来制订标准积累经验,同时还能为全面控制大气污染和流行病学调查研究提供方法和依托。

Haze is mainly caused by many tiny particles suspended in the air when weather suitable weather conditions presented for them. The meteorological factors include weak cold air, low wind speed, low wind power, suspended particulate matter and organic pollutants,that are superimposed in the air;anthropogenic factors include coal combustion in winter, industrial production, and the increasing automobile exhaust emissions, resulting in increased haze. Haze has an impact on the growth of natural organisms and the living environment of human beings, which brings great danger to human health. When inhaled, it can cause respiratory, cardiovascular and other diseases. There is a long way to go to control haze. To deal with haze weather, individuals should first start with reasonable diet and self-protection. Large environment should be protected by strengthening the control of heavy pollution emissions, reducing energy conservation and emission, promoting ecological renewable energy, and expanding green space to build ecological civilization. The monitoring of PM2.5 should be strengthened so as to accumulate experience for future standard-setting. At the same time, it can provide methods and support for the comprehensive control of air pollution and epidemiological investigation and research.