江南民俗体育的“龙文化”表达--来自洪蓝镇水秋千的民族志报告

The Expression of“Dragon Culture”in Jiangnan Folk Sports--The Ethnographic Report from Honglan Water Swing

运用文献资料、田野调查、民族志口述史等研究方法,对洪蓝镇水秋千的地理人文环境、项目起源与历史沿革、表演器具与程式仪轨、风格特征与文化意涵、当代传承窘境、发展动力生成进行深描,明晰江南民俗体育"水秋千"的文化特色。研究表明:龙是江南民间崇拜的神灵化身,龙崇拜的精神内涵是江南人民对水源追求和水患恐惧的交织;水秋千在宋代宫廷向江南民间的转移中发生了文化置换,凝结着江南文化特有的刚柔并济。然而,对江南民俗体育在城市化加速进程中遭遇着比其他地区更为严峻的流失趋势,江南民俗体育的抢救、发掘、保护工作迫在眉睫。

Using research methods such as literature,field investigations,and ethnographic oral history,the geographical and human environment of the water swing in Honglan Town,the origin and history of the project,performance equipment and program rituals,style characteristics and cultural implications,contemporary embarrassment,the development of power generation will be described in detail to clarify the cultural characteristics of Jiangnan folk sports"water swing". Studies have shown that:Dragon is the incarnation of Jiangnan folk worship,and the spiritual connotation of dragon worship is the intermingling of Jiangnan people’s pursuit of water sources and fear of flooding;Unique rigidity and softness combined.However,Jiangnan folk sports has encountered a more severe trend of loss than other regions in the process of accelerated urbanization,and the rescue,excavation and protection of Jiangnan folk sports are imminent.