2013-2018年大连市某区伤害死亡状况及趋势分析

Analysis of injury death status and trendency in a district in Dalian City from 2013 to 2018

目的伤害的高发生率和高致残率消耗着大量的卫生资源,给国家、社会、家庭和个人均带来沉重的疾病负担,已成为威胁辽宁省居民健康的重要公共卫生问题。本研究分析大连市某区2013-2018年伤害死亡情况,为制定伤害预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集2013-2018年大连某区伤害死亡数据,按年度、性别和年龄分别计算伤害死亡率与年龄标化率,分析其死亡变化趋势。结果2013-2018年因各类伤害死亡833人,伤害死亡率为44.33/10万,占总死亡人口的5.20%,男女比例为2.49∶1,男性死亡率高于女性,χ2=225.47,P<0.001。6年间伤害死亡呈小幅上升趋势,年均增长0.2%,Z=0.05,P=0.96。随着年龄的增长,伤害死亡率呈上升趋势,≥65岁人群伤害死亡率最高,差异有统计学意义,Z=4.43,P=0.008;交通意外、自杀、意外跌落、意外中毒、意外事故和有害效应为大连市某区伤害前5位死因。交通意外是各年龄人群死亡的首位死因,<15岁人群第2位伤害死因为淹死,15~64岁人群第2位伤害死因为自杀,≥65岁人群第2位伤害死因为意外跌落,伤害死亡是15~44岁人群的首位死因。结论2013-2018年大连市某区伤害死亡呈平稳趋势,交通意外伤害死亡率最高,不同年龄段人群伤害干预重点应有所侧重。

OBJECTIVE The high incidence of injuries and the high disability rate consume a lot of health resources,bring a heavy disease burden to the country,society,families and individuals,and have become an important public health problem that threatens the health of residents in Liaoning Province.This study analyzes the injury deaths in a district of Dalian City from 2013to 2018,and provides a scientific basis for formulating injury prevention and control measures.METHODS Injury death data of a district in Dalian were collected from 2013to 2018,injury mortality and age standardization rate by year,gender and age were calculated,and the change trend of death was analyzed.RESULTS During the year 2013and 2018,833people died of various injuries,the injury death rate was 44.33/100000,accounting for 5.20%of the total deaths.The male to female ratio was 2.49∶1,and the male death rate was significantly higher than that of females,χ2=225.47,P<0.001.Injury and death showed a slight upward trend during the 6years,with an average annual increase of 0.2%,Z=0.05,P=0.96.With the increase of age,the injury mortality rate has shown a significant upward trend.The population more than 65years old has the highest injury mortality rate,the difference is statistically significant,Z=4.43,P=0.008.The harmful effects are the top 5causes of death in the area.Traffic accidents are the number one cause of death for people of all ages.The second injury death of less than 15-year-olds is drowning,the second injury death of 15to 64-year-old is suicide,and the second death of more than 65-year-olds is accidental falls.Injury deaths are the leading cause of death among people aged 15to 44.CONCLUSIONS From 2013to 2018,there was a steady trend of injury deaths a district of Dalian City.Traffic accident injuries had the highest mortality rates.The focus of injury interventions for people of different age groups should be focused.