泰安市百日咳流行特征传染病报告系统数据分析

Distribution of pertussis in Taian from national notifiable disease reporting system during 2015 to 2018

目的近年来,全球百日咳发病率明显上升,部分地区甚至出现百日咳爆发,本研究通过分析泰安市2015—2018年儿童百日咳的分布特征,为百日咳诊治与防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性方法,对泰安市2015-2018年法定传染病报告系统中的百日咳病例个案数据进行分析,包括年龄分布、地区分布和时间分布等。结果泰安市2015-2018年百日咳患者的报告例数共1749例,年平均发病率为7.76/10万,无死亡病例;新泰市报告病例数最多,共449例,占25.67%;其次是岱岳区,共364例,占总报告数的20.81%,最少的是宁阳县,共148例(4.74%);自6月份始,百日咳报告病例数开始增多(184例),8月达到高峰(310例);发病高峰集中在6~9月,分别为184、277、310和192例,占全部发病数的55.06%;其中男性926例,女性823例,男女性别比为1.13∶1。≤1岁共1028例,占总报告数的58.78%,≤2岁2018例,占64.33%。结论泰安市2015—2018年百日咳发病呈上升趋势,夏秋季高发,以年幼的儿童多见。

OBJECTIVE There is an upward trend in incidence of pertussis in recent years,and pertussis outbreak occurs in some areas.This paper aims to analyze distribution of pertussis in Taian,from 2015to 2018,in order to provide scientific basis for the treatment and control of pertussis.METHODS We used descriptive epidemiological method to analyze the data of pertussis in Taian from National Notifiable Disease Reporting System,including incidence,age distribution,regional distribution,time distribution and so on.RESULTS The number of reported cases of pertussis in Taian City from 2015to 2018was 1,749,with an average annual incidence of 7.76/100000,and there were no deaths.Xintai City had the largest number of reported cases,with a total of 449cases,accounting for 25.67%.There were 364cases in Daiyue District,accounting for 20.81%of the total number of reports,the least is Ningyang County,a total of 148cases(4.74%).Since June,the number of reported cases of pertussis began to increase(184cases),reaching apeak in August(310cases).The peak incidence was concentrated from June to September,184,277,310,and 192cases,accounting for 55.06%of the total number of cases,of which 926were males,823were females,and the male to female ratio was 1.13∶1.There were 1028cases under 1year old,accounting for 58.78%of the total number of reports,2018cases under 2years old,accounting for 64.33%.CONCLUSION The incidence of pertussis showed an increasing trend in Taian,with higher rates in summer and autumn,and higher rates with young children.