内蒙古通辽市季节性变应性鼻炎变应原检出情况分析

Detection of allergens in seasonal allergic rhinitis in Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia

目的变应性鼻炎发病与遗传及环境紧密相关,以15~40岁患者多发。其发病率近年来有增加趋势。本研究分析内蒙古通辽地区2017和2018年7~10月份季节性变应性鼻炎变应源情况,并定性分析两年发病特点及规律。方法选取内蒙古民族大学附属医院耳鼻喉科2017-07-01-2017-10-31诊治的75例及2018-07-01—2018-10-31诊治的77例变应性鼻炎患者为研究对象,通过检测患者血清中IgE含量,分析变应性鼻炎的常见变应原。统计分析2017-2018年主要变应原情况。结果2017年7~10月份单一变应原总检出率为43.63%,豚草、艾蒿和苦艾检出率最高(20.00%),2018年7~10月份单一变应原总检出率为49.09%,豚草、艾蒿和苦艾检出率最高(18.18%)。2017年7~10月份多种变应原检出率为26.67%,其中点青霉、分枝孢霉、烟曲霉、交链孢霉、根霉、毛霉、豚草、艾蒿、苦艾、柏树、梧桐、榆树、杨树和柳树检出率最高(8.00%)。2018年7~10月份多种变应原检出率为28.57%,其中豚草、艾蒿、苦艾、柏树、梧桐、榆树、杨树和柳树检出率最高(6.49%),两年中变应性鼻炎不同变应原检出率比较,差异有统计学意义,P=0.048。结论2017-2018年通辽地区季节性变应性鼻炎单一变应原检测,豚草、艾蒿和苦艾检出率最高;变应性鼻炎变应原差异显著,过敏等级差异不显著。

OBJECTIVE The incidence of allergic rhinitis is closely related to heredity and environment,and most of them occur in patients aged 15to 40.Its incidence has increased in recent years.This study analyzes the allergens of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Tongliao area of Inner Mongolia from July to October in 2017and 2018,and qualitatively analyzed the characteristics and regularities of the two-year onset.METHODS A total of 75patients with allergic rhinitis diagnosed and treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,from July 1,2017to October 31,2017,and from July 1,2018to October 31,2018.Common allergens of allergic rhinitis were detected by measuring the IgE content in the patient's serum.RESULTS The total detection rate of single allergens was 43.63%from July to October in 2017.Ragweed,mugwort and absinthe were the most frequently detected allergens with the rate of 20.00%.The total detection rate of single allergens from July to October in 2018was 49.09%.The detection rate of ragweed,mugwort and bitter worm was the highest(18.18%).From July to October in 2017,the detection rate of multiple allergens was 26.67%.The allergens with the highest detection rate were penicillium,cladosporium,aspergillus fumigatus,alternaria,rhizopus,mucor,ragweed,mugwort,absinthe cypress,cypress,eucalyptus,poplar and willow(8.00%).From July to October 2018,the detection rate of multiple allergens was 28.57%,among which ragweed,mugwort,wormwood,cypress,paulownia,eucalyptus,poplar and willow had the highest detection rate(6.49%).The detection rate of different allergens in allergic rhinitis was statistically significant,P=0.048.CONCLUSIONS The single allergens of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Tongliao City from 2017to 2018showed the highest detection rate of ragweed,mugwort and bitter worm.The allergens of allergic rhinitis were significantly different,and the difference of allergic grade was not significant.