院外延续干预模式对冠心病合并高血压出院老年患者应用效果探讨

Effect of out-of-hospital continuous intervention mode on elderly patients with coronary heart disease and high blood pressure discharged from hospital

目的近年来,随着人们生活水平提高及生活方式的改变,冠心病及高血压发病率逐年升高。院外延续干预模式是通过随访对出院后患者进行持续性指导的照护方式。本研究探讨院外延续干预模式对冠心病合并高血压出院老年患者自我护理能力及生活质量影响。方法选取2018-01-01-2018-12-01鹤壁市人民医院收治的冠心病合并高血压患者为研究对象,根据组间性别、年龄和病程均衡可比的原则,选择试验组和对照组,各100例。对照组给予出院前常规健康教育,试验组加上院外延续干预。随访6个月后,比较两组患者自我护理能力、健康知识水平、睡眠质量、焦虑情况及生活质量总分等指标。结果经院外延续干预模式后,试验组健康知识水平为(90.22±19.87)分,高于对照组的(79.32±15.73)分,t=4.301,P<0.001;自我护理技能为(88.49±12.72)分,高于对照组的(79.58±13.11)分,t=4.878,P<0.001;生活质量总评分为(58.68±4.63)分,高于对照组的(47.35±4.51)分,t=17.529,P<0.001。两组干预护理前睡眠时间评分(t=0.731,P=0.466)、夜醒次数评分(t=0.525,P=0.262)及汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)评分(t=1.857,P=0.065)比较,差异均无统计学意义。经院外延续干预模式后,试验组睡眠时间评分(t=59.781,P<0.001)、夜醒次数评分(t=37.707,P<0.001)及HAMA评分(t=8.373,P<0.001)均低于对照组。结论院外延续干预模式有助于提高冠心病合并高血压出院老年患者自我护理能力及提升患者生活质量。

OBJECTIVE In recent years,with the improvement of people’s living standards and lifestyle changes,the incidence of coronary heart disease and hypertension has increased year by year.The out-of-hospital continuous intervention mode is a follow-up treatment method for patients after discharge.This study was to investigate the impact of out-of-hospital continuation intervention model on self-care ability and quality of life in elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension discharge and to analyze its value.METHODS A total of 200 patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension diagnosed in People’s Hospital of Hebi from January 1,2018 to December 1,2018 were enrolled.The patients were divided into experimental group and control group according to the principle of gender,age and course of disease,100 cases in each group.The control group received routine health education before discharge,and the experimental group plus continued intervention outside the hospital.After 6 months of follow-up,the self-care ability,health knowledge level,sleep quality,anxiety status and total quality of life scores of the two groups were compared.RESULTS After continuing the intervention model outside the hospital,the health knowledge level of the experimental group was(90.22±19.87),which was higher than the control group(79.32±15.73),t=4.301,P<0.001.Self-care skills were(88.49±12.72),higher than the control group(79.58±13.11),t=4.878,P<0.001.Total quality of life score was(58.68±4.63),higher than the control group(47.35±4.51),t=17.529,P<0.001.There was no significant difference in the scores of sleep time before intervention(t=0.731,P=0.466),the number of night waking times(t=0.525,P=0.262)and the HAMA scores(t=1.857,P=0.065)between the two groups.After continuing the out-of-hospital intervention mode,the sleep time score(t=59.781,P<0.001),the number of night awakenings(t=37.707,P<0.001),and the HAMA scores(t=8.373,P<0.001)in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group.CONCLUSION The out-of-hospital intervention model can improve the self-care ability of elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension discharge and improve their quality of life.